III International Symposium of Doctoral Students

in Sustainable Urban Development in Latin

America and the Caribbean

Analysis of the correlation between the formation of

urban heat islands and surface temperature from
simulations and thermal imaging in industrial zone

Angela M Arruda
Érico Masiero

PPGEU - Federal University of São Carlos

Analysis of the correlation between the formation of urban heat
islands and surface temperature from simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone

INTRODUCTION
 Urban Heat Islands (UHIs): density of buildings, building materials of great energy
potential, absence of vegetation cover and anthropogenic heat;

 The industrialization process of Brazilian cities occurred in a vertiginous and intense

way, especially in the city of São Carlos, SP.
 Analysis of the correlation between the
formation of urban heat islands and surface
temperature from simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone

 Studies of thermal comfort and urban climate, some numerical,

computational and infrared thermographic analysis models are used in
open spaces: ENVI-met® software

 Surface temperature (Ts) in cities: remote sensing using satellites, aircraft

or aerial vehicle unmanned (UAVs)

 The main limitation of these methods is that the camera is obstructed by

urban geometry and the surface temperature cannot be accurately capture
Analysis of the correlation between the formation of urban heat
islands and surface temperature from simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone
METHODS AND STUDY AREA
• characterization of the three urban sections of the industrial area in São Carlos, measuring 400m x
400m;
• computer simulations of urban areas with industrial occupation through the ENVImet software,
making the arrangement of five points that receive information on the variation of relative humidity,
wind speed, air temperature, SVF and surface temperature.
• the collection of thermal images was performed at three different times, using a FLIR ONE PRO
thermal camera, with an accuracy of ±3 °C or ±5% and a thermal resolution of 160 x 120, at an
altitude of 120 m coupled to a vehicle unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV);
• comparison of results with the relationships between Tar and Ts proposed by Unger et al. (2010)
(Equation 1) using simulated data, obtained through thermal images and data from the National
Institute of Meteorology (INMET, 2018).
Ta = 0.406Ts +16,898 (1)
Ta - air temperature (◦C); Ts - surface temperature (◦C)
Analysis of the correlation between the formation of urban heat
islands and surface temperature from simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone
Analysis of the correlation between the formation of urban heat
islands and surface temperature from simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

 Analysis of the correlation between the formation of urban heat
islands and surface temperature from simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

 Analysis of the correlation between the formation of urban heat
islands and surface temperature from simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone
Surface temperature B1 (a) 10 a.m; (b) 3 p.m (c) 10 p.m
 Analysis of the correlation between the formation of urban heat
islands and surface temperature from simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone

Surface temperature obtained by simulation:

(a) 3 p.m
(b) 10 p.m
Analysis of the correlation between the formation of urban heat
islands and surface temperature from simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone

Correlation between Ta and Ts

Surface temperature obtained by simulation:

Analysis of the correlation between the formation of urban heat
islands and surface temperature from simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone

 It was possible to establish a correlation between Tar and Ts in this area, based on simulated and
measured data, previously presented for urban centers and peripheries.

 The highest intensity of UHI was found in area 1, with the lowest proportion of vegetation and the
highest rate of waterproofed area, reaching 6.8ºC at 10 p.m.

 The results obtained for Ts through computer simulation and measured showed good correlation
(R²=0.75), making it possible to use the software with a certain level of reliability.
Analysis of the correlation
between the formation of
urban heat islands and
surface temperature from
simulations and thermal
imaging in industrial zone