What is BLS Training?
• The AHA’s BLS course trains participants to promptly recognize several life-threatening
emergencies, give high-quality chest compressions, deliver appropriate ventilations and
provide early use of an AED.
Who should take this course?
• The AHA’s BLS Course is designed for healthcare professionals and other personnel who need to
know how to perform CPR and other basic cardiovascular life support skills in a wide variety of
infacility and prehospital settings.
What does this course teach?
• High-quality CPR for adults, children, and infants
• The AHA Chain of Survival, specifically the BLS
components
• Important early use of an AED
• Effective ventilations using a barrier device
• Importance of teams in multirescuer resuscitation
and performance as an effective team member
during multirescuer CPR
• Relief of foreign-body airway obstruction (choking)
for adults and infants
Keys of BLS
Keys of BLS
Checking C-A-B
Quickly start Chain Post Resuscitation
responsiveness and Care
of Survival Approach
pulse
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
High-quality CPR performance metrics
includes:
1. Chest compression fraction >80%
2. Compression rate of 100-120/min
3. Compression depth of at least 50 mm (2
inches) in adults and at least 1/3 the AP
dimension of the chest in infants and
children
CPR – or Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation – is
4. No excessive ventilation
an emergency lifesaving procedure performed
when the heart stops beating. Immediate CPR
can double or triple chances of survival after
cardiac arrest.
1. Quickly start the Chain of Survival
Inside
Hospital
Cardiac
Arrest
(IHCA)
Early Activation of
High Quality Post-Cardiac
Recognition & Emergency
CPR
Defibrillation
Arrest Care
Recovery
Prevention Response
Outside
Hospital
Cardiac
Arrest
(OHCA)
Checking for Responsiveness
Adult Infant
Checking for Pulse
Carotid Pulse Carotid Pulse Brachial Pulse
Adult Children Infant
2. Deliver High Quality Chest Compressions
High-Quality Compressions
• Its main purpose is to restore partial flow of oxygenated
blood to the brain and heart.
• High quality chest compression means providing
compressions at the proper depth and rate.
• Allow full chest recoil.
Deliver High Quality Chest Compressions
1. Hands Placement
Hands Placement 1. Adult
1. Locate the
sternum
Hands Placement Adult
Deliver High Quality Chest Compressions
Hands Placement 2. Child
Deliver High Quality Chest Compressions
Hands Placement 3. Infant
Deliver High Quality Chest Compressions
Hands Placement 3. Infant
Deliver High Quality Chest Compressions
2. Depth
PUSH
HARD
!
2. Deliver High Quality Chest Compressions
3. Rate
2. Deliver High Quality Chest Compressions
2. Deliver High Quality Chest Compressions
Opening Airway
Opening Airway- 1. Head-tilt chin lift
Opening Airway- 2. Jaw Thrust
Providing Adequate Ventilation
Devices
Bag Valve Ventilation or
Ambu bag
Providing Adequate Ventilation
Mask placement
• Correct size of mask should be place on the top of the mask and
should fir on the bridge of the nose and the bottom of the mask
should rest just above the chin.
• There should be good seal obtained with the face
Providing Adequate Ventilation
Hand placement
Providing Adequate Ventilation
Technique
Use of AED (Automated External Defibrillator)
AED Pads
Use of AED (Automated External Defibrillator)
AED pad placement for Adult
Use of AED (Automated External Defibrillator)
Recovery Position
1 2
4
3
Recovery Position
Slide 35
Sample Questions
1. Which of these answers appropriately describes how to perform chest compressions
on an adult?
a. Using one arm, press to 1/3 depth of chest
b. Palms placed midline on the lower 1/3 of the sternum
c. Palms placed in center of sternum above the nipples, using both arms
d. Compressions should be slow to allow for full recoil
2. What is the compression to breath ratio when performing CPR on an infant with two
providers?
a. 30:2
b. 25:2
c. 20:2
d. 15:2
Sample Questions
3. What is the compression to breath ratio in two-person CPR for an adult?
a. 20:2
b. 15:2
c. 30:2
d. 40:2
4. Where should you palpate for a pulse on an unconscious adult during CPR?
a. carotid pulse
b. radial pulse
c. femoral pulse
d. brachial pulse
Sample Questions
5. How long should you check for a carotid pulse on an adult?
a. for at least 30 seconds
b. for at least a full minute
c. 10-15 seconds
d. 5-10 seconds
6. When should an unconscious patient be placed in the recovery position?
a. if the patient has bradycardia and is not breathing
b. if the patient has a pulse and is breathing appropriately
c. if the patient has no pulse and is not breathing
d. if the patient has a bounding pulse and is not breathing
Sample Questions
7. When performing two-rescuer CPR, how often should you switch roles?
a. After every cycle of CPR
b. After every two cycles of CPR
c. After every five cycles of CPR
d. After every 10 cycles of CPR
8. When operating an AED, what are the correct steps to follow?*
a. Power on the AED, attach electrode pads, shock the individual, and analyze the rhythm
b. Power on the AED, attach electode pads, analyze the rhythm, clear the individual, and deliver shock
c. Attach electrode pads, check pulse, shock individual, and analyze rhythm
d. Check pulse, attach electrode pads, analyze rhythm, shock patient
Sample Questions
9. When looking for a pulse on a child from one year to puberty, where should you
check?
a. Brachial artery
b. Ulnar artery
c. Temporal artery
d. Carotid or femoral artery
10. A Compression Rate of 100-120 per minute should be performed when providing
CPR.
a. True
b. False
c. None of the above
d. All of the above
Sample Questions
11. You attempt to deliver a breath through a mask but it does not go in. What is
the next step?
a. Hyperextend the neck
b. Blow harder
c. Discard mask and use mouth-to-mouth
d. Reposition the airway
12. What is the best method of opening the airway of an unresponsive victim when you
do not suspect cervical spine injury?
a. Use the head tilt chin lift
b. Use jaw thrust
c. Hyperextend neck
d. Flexed mask
Sample Questions
13. If you have 2 rescuers for an adult victim and one or both are comfortable giving
rescue breaths, the correct ratio of compressions to breaths is:
a. 15 compressions: 1 breath
b. 15 compressions: 2 breaths
c. 30 compressions: 1 breath
d. 30 compressions: 2 breath
14. How deep should chest compressions go when delivering CPR to a child?
A. At least one quarter of the chest’s depth (approximately 1.5 inches / 4 cm)
B. At least one third of the chest’s depth (approximately 2 inches / 5 cm)
C. At least two thirds of the chest’s depth (approximately 4 inches / 10 cm)
D. At least three fourths of the chest’s depth (approximately 4.5 inches / 12 cm)
Sample Questions
15. What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR involving a single rescuer?
A. 15 to 2
B. 20 to 2
C. 30 to 2
D. 5 to 1
Slide 43
End
Slide 44
