ANTIEMETICS

ANTIEMETICS
ANTIEMETICS DRUGS ARE MEDICATIONS USED TO TREAT NAUSEA AND
VOMITING.
ANTIEMTICS MEANS – AGAINST EMESIS (VOMITING)
INDICATIONS
-NAUSEA AND VOMITING
-ANESTHESIA
-SURGERY
-VERTIGO
-UPPER ABDOMINAL IRRITATION
-MORNING SICKNESS
-MOTION SICKNESS
-CHEMOTHERAPY AND RADIATION THERAPY
-FOOD POISONING
MECHANISM OF ACTION
DRUGS SELECTIVELY BIND TO RECEPTORS IN VOMINTING CENTER OF
THE BRAINSTEM

BLOCK SIGNALING PATHWAYS

INHIBITS STIMULATION OF GI TRACT , DIAPHRAGM AND ABDOMINAL

MUSCLES
HOW THEY WORK
Anti-emetics drugs are medications used to treat nausea and vomiting. These two
symptoms are very common and can be caused by many different conditions,
therapies, procedures, and medications (such as opioids). Though vomiting is
considered to be a protective reflex of the body to expel toxic substances in the
stomach and gut, antiemetic drugs are often necessary to suppress vomiting,
especially if there’s severe dehydration.
COMMONLY USED
ANTIEMETICS DRUGS
METOCLOPRAMIDE
IT BELONGS CENTRALLY ACTING DOPAMINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
DOSE- CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED EMESIS ,IV 1-2mg , 30 MINUTES
BEFORE CHEMOTHERAPY
POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING IM AND IV 10-20mg
ONDANSETRON,
GRANISETRON AND
PALONOSETRON
- MEDICATIONS THAT WORK ON CENTRAL RECEPTORS IN THE
VOMINITING CENTER , AS WELL AS THE PERIPHERAL RECEPTORS IN
THE VAGUS NERVE.
- ITS ALSO THE FIRST GO TO ANTIEMETIC CLASS FOR RADIOTHERAPY
AND CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED NAUSEA AND VOMITING
DOSE – 8-10 mg , 1-2 TIMES A DAY
DOMEPERIDONE
DOSE – 10mg ORALLY THRICE A DAY , 15 TO 30 MINUTES BFORE MEALS .
IN SEVERE CASES OR RESISTENT CASES THE DOSE MAY BE INCREASED
TO A MAXIMUM OF 20 mg.
SIDE EFFECTS
-IMPAIRED ALERTNESS
- SEDATION
-DIZZINESS
-DRY MOUTH
- RARELY ALLERGIC REACTIONS
- ANXIETY
- HEADACHE
-DROWSINESS
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
- ASSES FOR THE SIGNS OF SIDE EFFECTS AND TAKE IMMEDIATE
ACTION
- ASSESS THE VITALS OF THE PATIENTS
-MONITOR FLUID BALANCE AND DEHYDRATION
-EDUCATE THE PATIENTS TO TAKE THE MEDICINE BEFORE MEALS