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    The document is a lecture on limits and continuity from Dr. P. S. R. Murty of the Department of Mathematics at GITAM Institute of Science in Visakhapatnam, India. It covers definitions of the limit of a function, one-sided limits, conditions for the existence of a limit, and examples of evaluating limits. It also provides practice problems for students to prove limit laws and evaluate specific limits.

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    The document is a lecture on limits and continuity from Dr. P. S. R. Murty of the Department of Mathematics at GITAM Institute of Science in Visakhapatnam, India. It covers definitions of the limit of a function, one-sided limits, conditions for the existence of a limit, and examples of evaluating limits. It also provides practice problems for students to prove limit laws and evaluate specific limits.

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    4 views21 pages

    I Mod (C-1) 1 Class

    Uploaded by

    vgangire3
    The document is a lecture on limits and continuity from Dr. P. S. R. Murty of the Department of Mathematics at GITAM Institute of Science in Visakhapatnam, India. It covers definitions of the limit of a function, one-sided limits, conditions for the existence of a limit, and examples of evaluating limits. It also provides practice problems for students to prove limit laws and evaluate specific limits.

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    of 21

    Topic for the class: Limit of a function and Limit laws

    Unit-I: Limits and continuity of single and several variables

    Dr. P. S. R. Murty
    Associate Professor
    Department of Mathematics
    GITAM Institute of Science (GIS)
    Visakhapatnam – 530045
    Email: dparamse@gitam.edu
    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 1
    Average Speed:

    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 2


    If y denotes the distance fallen in feet after t seconds, then Galileo’s law
    is y = 16 ft, where 16 is the (approximate) constant of proportionality.

    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 3


    Find the average rate of change of the function over the
    given interval:
    (i) ƒ(x) = + 1, in the interval (2, 3).
    (ii) g(t) = 2 + cos t, in the interval (0, ).

    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 4


    Figure shows how a population p of fruit flies grew in a 50-day experiment.
    The number of flies was counted at regular intervals, the counted values
    plotted with respect to the number of elapsed days t, and the points joined
    by a smooth curve (colored green in Figure). Find the average growth rate
    from day 23 to day 45.
    Solution: There were 150 flies on day 23
    and 340 flies on day 45. Thus, the number
    of flies increased by 340 - 150 = 190 in
    45 - 23 = 22 days. The average rate of
    change of the population from day 23 to
    day 45 was Average rate of change:
    ∆p/∆t = (340–150)/(45–23)
    = 190/22 ≈ 8.6 flies/day.
    This average is the slope of the secant line
    through the points P and Q on the graph in
    the Figure.

    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 5


    Limit of a Function:

    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 6


    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 7
    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 8
    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 9
    The Precise Definition of a Limit:

    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 10


    Graphical representation of Definition of a Limit:

    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 11


    One-Sided Limits:

    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 12


    Condition for the existence of a Limit:

    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 13


    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 14
    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 15
    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 16
    1. A function u satisfies
    for all x ≠ 0, find using Sandwich Theorem.
    2. Find

    3. Prove that
    4. Prove that
    5. Prove that

    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 17


    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 18
    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 19
    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 20
    02/11/2024 Department of Mathematics, GIS Calculus - I 21

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