Locking devices

Generally the machines are subjected to cyclic loads,

pulsating loads and vibrations, due to these loads and vibration
there is a chance of fastener becoming loose. In order to prevent
fastener from loosening locking devices are used.
Locking device: it is a mechanical element used to prevent
loosening of fastener.
Various locking devices are
Spilit pin
Screw pin
Lock plate
Spring washer
Spilt Pin: Spilit pin can be used
with
1) Spilit pin with ordinary nut
2) Spilit pin with slotted nut
3) Spilit pin with castle nut

Split pin with ordinary nut

In this type spilit pin of semicircular
shape is inserted through hole made
in bolt and spilit ends are spilit
opened to prevent loosening of the
nut.the main disadvantage of this type
is hole drilled in bolt reduces its
strength.
Split pin with slotted nut.
In this type the slots are cut on the top
flat face of nut through the opposite
hexagonal faces. The nut is tightened
over the bolt in such a way that one set
of slots on the opposite phases is made
to come in line with the hole drilled in
bolt. Then spilit pin is inserted through
the slots and corresponding hole made
in the bolt. The spilit pin ends are spilit
opened to prevent the nut coming out
while in use. the main disadvantage of
this type is slots cut in the nut reduces
its strength.
Split pin with castle nut.
In this type the slots are cut on the extra
cylindrical projection provided on top
flat face of nut through the opposite
hexagonal faces. The nut is tightened
over the bolt in such a way that one set
of slots on the opposite phases is made
to come in line with the hole drilled in
bolt. Then spilit pin is inserted through
the slots and corresponding hole made
in the bolt. The spilit pin ends are spilit
opened to prevent the nut coming out
while in use.
Lock plate

The hole in the lock plate is grooved in

such a way that the groove in the plate
receives two of the hexagonal corners
of the nut for every 30o rotation of the
nut. The lock plate is fixed to the
bearing surface with help of tap bolt by
screwed in to it.
Locking by screw
A nut may also be locked by a screw
pin by screwing it in the bearing
surface adjoining to the one of the
lateral surfaces of nut.this type of
locking device is used when the nut
is supposed to remain in their
position for a long time.
In this method first nut is tightened
over the bolt and then screw pin is
inserted in the hole made in the
bearing surface adjoining to one of
the lateral surfaces of the nut.
Locking by spring washer

When the nut is tightened over the

bolt the spring action of the spring
washer exerts an axial force to hold
it by frictional grip, this prevents
loosening of the nut.