NATIONAL

SITUATION
HEALTH
ON MATERNAL
FOCUSING
AND
CHILD January | 2024

HEALTH
GENERAL
2021 DOH Annual
Report
The utilization of maternal care service from the year
SITUATION
2017 to 2021, remained high, ranging from 80 to more
than 90 percent.

H o w e v e r, d e s p i t e h a v i n g h i g h u t i l i z a t i o n o n m a t e r n a l
care service, it has been shown that the region's
maternal and infant mortality rate remains relatively
high mostly caused by:
weaknesses in the health care system
a. shortage of health professionals
b. access to life-saving medications
c. dysfunctional referral networks
d. poor care quality
e. malnutrition.
GENERAL
Thus, even if important progress has been made in the

SITUATION
last two decades, the number of women who died
during and following pregnancy and childbirth in
2020 is still unacceptably high.

R E G I S T E R E D M AT E R N A L
D E AT H 1,975
with a corresponding MMR of 1.3 deaths/1000 live births and corresponds to
A B O U T F I V E M AT E R N A L D E AT H S
D A I LY
I N FA N T M O RTA L I T Y R AT E
( P S A ) 11 P E R 1 , 0 0 0 L I V E
B I RT H
GENERAL
2021 DOH Annual
Report

SITUATION
 DOH
FOCUSING ON MATERNAL AND

PROGRAMS
CHILD HEALTH
D u e t o v a r i o u s re a s o n s i n c l u d i n g t h e M a t e r n a l a n d I n f a n t M o r t a l i t y r a t e
in the Philippines the Department of Health implemented multiple
p ro g r a m s t h a t w o u l d a f f e c t o r s i g n i f i c a n t l y h e l p o n t h e i m p ro v e m e n t o f
Maternal and Child Health.

1. Expanded Program of Immunization

2. Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI)
3. Early Essential Intrapartum and Newborn Care
4. Newborn Screening
5. Basic Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal
C a r e / C o m p r e h e n s i v e E m e rg e n c y O b s t e t r i c a n d
Newborn Care
6. Nutrition
EXPANDED PROGRAM OF
6 VPDs (tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, tetanus,

IMMUNIZATION (EPI)
pertussis and measles)
Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization
A c t o f 2 0 11 ( R A 1 0 1 5 2 )

Reduce the morbidity and mortality

among children against the most
common vaccine-preventable diseases

OBJECTIVES
: 1 . To i m m u n i z e a l l infants/children against the most common
vaccine-preventable diseases
2 . To s u s t a i n t h e p o l i o - f r e e s t a t u s o f t h e P h i l i p p i n e s
3 . To e l i m i n a t e m e a s l e s i n f e c t i o n
4 . To e l i m i n a t e m a t e r n a l a n d n e o n a t a l t e t a n u s
5 . To c o n t r o l d i p h t h e r i a , p e r t u s s i s , h e p a t i t i s b a n d G e r m a n m e a s l e s
6 . To p r e v e n t e x t r a p u l m o n a r y t u b e r c u l o s i s a m o n g c h i l d r e n
 EXPANDED PROGRAM OF

STRATEG
IMMUNIZATION (EPI)

Conduct of Routine It is an adaptation of the WHO-UNICEF Reaching Every District

Immunization for Introduced in 2004 aimed at increasing access to regular

IES
I n f a n t s / C h i l d r e n / Wo m e n
through the Reaching Every
vaccination and decreasing drop-outs
5 components of the strategy: data analysis, re-establish
outreach services, strengthen links between the community and
Barangay (REB) strategy
service, supportive supervision and maximizing resources

Supplemental Immunization It is used to reach children who have not been vaccinated or who
Activity (SIA) have not established adequate protection following prior
vaccines

S t r e n g t h e n i n g Va c c i n e - This is crucial for eradication/elimination efforts, particularly in

Preventable Diseases recognizing true measles cases and indigenous wild poliovirus
Surveillance

Procurement of adequate and potent vaccines

and needles and syringes to all health facilities
nationwide
EXPANDED PROGRAM OF

STATUS OF
IMMUNIZATION (EPI)

IMPLEMENTATION/ACCOMPLISHMEN
E V E RY H E A LT H FA C I L I T Y ( H E A LT H C E N T E R S A N D
T
B A R A N G AY
H E A LT H S TAT I O N S ) H A S AT L E A S T O N E ( 1 ) H E A LT H
S TA F F
T R A I N E D O N R E B ( R E A C H I N G E V E RY B A R A N G AY ) .
INTEGRATED
CHILDHOOD
MANAGEMENT OF
An integrated approach which focuses on the health and whole

ILLNESSES (IMCI)
well-being of a child.
Includes curative and preventive elements that are
implemented by families, communities and health facilities.

Decrease death, illness and disability and to

promote improved growth and development
among children under five (5) years old.

Covers (1) Sick children from birth up to 2 months (sick

young infant) and (2) Sick children from 2 months up to 5
years old (sick child).
INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD

PRINCIPL
ILLNESSES (IMCI)

All sick children are examined for GENERAL DANGER signs. These signs indicate immediate referral
or admission to hospital.

ES
The children and infants are then assessed for main symptoms. For sick children, the main
symptoms include: cough or difficulty breathing, diarrhea, fever and ear infection. For sick young
infants, local bacterial infection, diarrhea and jaundice. All sick children are routinely assessed for
nutritional, immunization and deworming status and for other problems.

Only a limited number of clinical signs are used.

A c o m b i n a t i o n o f i n d i v i d u a l s i g n s l e a d s t o a c h i l d ’s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w i t h i n o n e o r m o r e s y m p t o m
groups rather than a diagnosis.

IMCI management procedures use a limited number of essential drugs and encourage active
participation of caretakers in the treatment of children.

Counseling of caretakers on home care, correct feeding and giving of fluids, and
when to return to clinic is an essential component of IMCI.
INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD

COLOR-CODED TRIAGE
ILLNESSES (IMCI)

SYSTEM
INDICATES URGENT HOSPITAL REFERRAL
OR ADMISSION
INDICATES INITIATION OF SPECIFIC
OUTPATIENT TREATMENT

INDICATES SUPPORTIVE HOME CARE

EARLY ESSENTIAL
AND NEWBORN
INTRAPARTUM
an evidence-based practice that was recommended

CARE
by the DOH, PhilHealth and WHO as the standard of
care in all births by skilled attendants in both
government and private settings.

T h e " u n a n g y a k a p " f o s t e r s g r e a t e r m o t h e r- c h i l d b o n d i n g , e n a b l e s e x c l u s i v e
breastfeeding, which strengthens the infant's immune system, and enhances the
health and wellbeing of newborns who are born prematurely or with low birth
weight. Reduces the risk of hypothermia by providing efficient thermal regulation.

This is a practice for newborn care constitute a series of time-bound,

chronologically-ordered, standard procedures that a baby receives at birth
NEWBORN
an important public health strategy for early
detection and management of several

SCREENING
congenital disorders, which if left untreated,
may lead to mental retardation and/or worst
death.

That is formalized by the legislation in 2004

known as R.A 9288 or the Newborn
screening Act of 2004 and DOH AO No.
2014-0045 or the Guidelines on the
Implementation of the Expanded Newborn
Screening Program.
 BEmONC/
CEmONC
BASIC EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC AND
NEONATAL
9 5 % o f B i r t h i n CARE
g Centers
have teams trained on BEmONC
A BEmONC provider facility is a primary level health facility tasked to provide the
integrated MNCHN service package that include basic emergency obstetric and
newborn care (BEmONC) and is either a –
a. Barangay health station (BHS)
b. Rural health unit (RHU)
c . Ly i n g - i n c l i n i c
d. Birthing home
e. District hospital
f. Any other similar structure
 BEmONC/
CEmONC
COMPREHENISVE EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC AND
Are departmentalized according to medical specialties and are usually large,
NEWBORN CARE
a d e q u a t e l y a n d a p p r o p r i a t e l y e q u i p p e d a n d s t a f f e d b y c o m p e t e n t C E m O N C Te a m s
( C Ts ) . C l i e n t s r e f e r r e d f r o m B E m O N C f a c i l i t i e s c a n r e a c h t h e s e f a c i l i t i e s w i t h i n 1 - h o u r
travel time.
T h e C E m O N C Te a m s a n d t h e I t i n e r a n t Te a m s ( I Ts ) a r e b a s e d i n t h e s e f a c i l i t i e s . I t s
structural design features the following amenities:

a. Emergency Room g. Delivery room

b. Admission Room h. An obstetric operating room
c. Pharmacy i. Sterilization or autoclave room
d . We l l e q u i p p e d l a b o r a t o r y j. A recovery room
e. Blood station appropriately k. A Newborn Intensive Care Unit
equipped and furnished l. A breastfeeding lounge
f. Labor room m. A scrub room for the doctors and nurses
NUTRITI
Under the Presidential Act No. 491 or known as the
ON
Nutrition Act of the Philippines , the Nutrition Council of
the Philippines is created

Creation of the Nutrition Council

1. Malnutrition retards mental and physical development of the children,
weakens their resistance to infection resulting in unnecessary loss of human
lives through high infant and child mortality rate
2. Studies indicate that infants and young children, pregnant women and
nursing mothers are most vulnerable to malnutrition.

I o d i n e , Vi t a m i n A a n d I r o n a r e t h e m o s t i m p o r t a n t i n g l o b a l p u b l i c
health terms. Daily oral iron and folic acid supplementation is
recommended to pregnant women to prevent maternal anemia,
puerperal sepsis, low birth weight, and preterm birth.
NUTRITI

PROGRA
ON

1 . T H E I N FA N T A N D Y O U N G C H I L D F E E D I N G
MS
( I Y C1F. )C a l l s f o r t h e p r o m o t i o n o f b r e a s t m i l k a s t h e i d e a l f o o d f o r t h e h e a l t h y
growth and development of infants; and of exclusive breastfeeding for the
first 6 months of life as the means to achieve optimal growth, development
and health of newborns
2 . To m e e t t h e e v o l v i n g n u t r i t i o n a l r e q u i r e m e n t s , i n f a n t s s h o u l d r e c e i v e
nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods while breastfeeding
continues for up to 2 years of age or beyond
NUTRITI

PROGRA
ON

2. SANGKAP PINOY SEAL PROGRAM

MS
( S PAS Ps t)r a t e g y t o e n c o u r a g e f o o d m a n u f a c t u r e r s t o f o r t i f y p r o c e s s e d f o o d s o r f o o d
products with essential nutrients at levels approved by the DOH

1. Sangkap Pinoy Seal is granted to

manufacturers who fortify their
processed food products with iron,
vitamin A, and iodine.
2. Saktong Iodine sa Asin Quality Seal
can be seen on salt products with the
right amount of iodine.

Republic Act No. 8976 or otherwise known as Philippine Food Fortification

Act of 2000 covers all imported or locally processed foods or food products
for sale or distribution in the Philippines
National Laws and
Regarding Maternal and Child
Programs
Health
1 . N AT I O N A L S A F E M O T H E R H O O D
PROGRAM
Focuses on making pregnancy and childbirth safer and sought
to change fundamental societal dynamics that influence
decision making on matters related to pregnancy and
childbirth
S a f e M o t h e r h o o d We e k C e l e b r a t i o n a t R e g i o n a l l e v e l e v e r y 2 n d
week of May
National Laws and
Regarding Maternal and Child
Programs
2. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10354: RESPONSIBLE
Health
PA R E N T H O O D A N D R E P R O D U C T I V E H E A LT H
L AW
(RPRH ACT OF 2012)
Law that guarantees universal access to methods of
contraception, fertility control, sexual education, and maternal
care.
National Laws and
Regarding Maternal and Child
Programs
3. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7600: THE ROOMING-IN
Health
AND
BREASTFEEDING ACT OF 1992
Act that aims to provide breastfeeding rooms in government
and private hospitals.
National Laws and
Regarding Maternal and Child
Programs
4 . R E P U B L I C A C T N O . 1 0 1 5 2 : M A N D AT O RY I N FA N T S
Health
AND
C H I L D R E N H E A LT H I M M U N I Z AT I O N A C T O F 2 0 11
Provides for the Mandatory basic immunization services for
infants and children.
National Laws and
Regarding Maternal and Child
Programs
5 . R E P U B L I C A C T N O . 11 4 8 : " K A L U S U G A N
Health
AT
N U T R I SAYl sOo Nk n oNwGn aM
s tA
h eGF-iN
r sA
t 1N0 AY
0 0 dA
a yC
s T
l a"
w
seeks to scale up the national and local health and nutrition
programs through a strengthened integrated strategy for
maternal, neonatal, child health and nutrition in the first 1,000
days of life.
GENERAL
EFFEC
TS

SITUATION
Healthcare utilization
improved from the said
period of time, thanks to
DOH programs such as
home visitations that led
to the said increase.
GENERAL
EFFEC
TS

SITUATION

The improvement from 2015 to 2021 is led by the programs regarding

nutrition of the Department of Health (Sangkap Pinoy) and the IYCF
program for infants.
GENERAL
EFFEC
TS
In order for a child to be fully
SITUATION immunized, the following vaccines
should be administered to the child:
(1) one dose of BCG vaccine (2) three
d o s e s o f p e n t a v a l e n t v a c c i n e ( D P T,
pertussis, tetanus, HepB and
H e a m o p h i l u s Va c c i n e ) ( 3 ) t h r e e
doses of OPV (4) and two doses of
measles-containing vaccine. The
graph above shows that from 2017-
2021, the target 95% FIC rate. Though
FIC rate increased from 2017 to 2019,
a decrease is observed through the
following years.
GENERAL
EFFEC
TS

SITUATION From 2017, there was an increase

access and utilization of family
planning methods. From 6.8 million
users of the said methods in 2017, to
7.6 million users in 2021. Oral
contraceptive pills, injectables, and
female sterilization remained the
most commonly used methods in the
past five years here in the
P h i l i p p i n e s . T h a n k s t o t h e R P R H l a w,
access and utilization of these
family planning methods are easier
for couples.
GENERAL
EFFEC
TS

SITUATION

Current data also shows that the number of newborns initiated on breastfeeding
i m m e d i a t e l y a f t e r b i r t h a r e i n c r e a s i n g . H o w e v e r, t h e n u m b e r o f i n f a n t s e x c l u s i v e l y
breastfed until the recommended 6 months decreased, from 59 percent in 2019, to 55
percent in 2020, and 34 percent in 2021
 REFEREN
CES
Depart ment of Heal th we b s ite . ( n. d.) . F irs t 1,0 00 Days L aw - the be st C hri stm as g ift of Duterte admi nis
tration to Fil ipin o
m
h tottphse:r/ s/ daonhd. tghoev.
i rpchh/ inloddree /n1 . 6R2 e6 8t r#i:e~v: et edxJt =a nTuha rey%1200, l 2a w
0%2 32 ,0fsr eo m
e ks %2 0to%20 s cal e, fi rs t%2 01% 2 C0 00 %2
0 day s %2 0of %2 0 lif e.
Commi ssi on on Population and Dev el op me nt. ( 2022, July 4 ) . 8 th An nual Re port on the i mpl em en tation of the re sp
ons ibl e
p a r e n t h o o d a n d r e p r o d u c t i v e h e a l t h a c t o f 2 0 1 2 ( 2 0 2 1 ) : D e p a r t m e n t o f H e a l t h We b s i t e . 8 t h A n n u a l R e p o r t o n t h e
I mp le me ntati on
of t he Res pons ib l e Parenthood and Reproductive He alth Act of 2 01 2 ( 2 02 1) | Dep artme n t of Heal th we bs ite. Re triev
ed Jan uary 1 0 ,
D e p a r t m e n t o f H e a l t h w e b s i t e . ( n . d . ) . N a t i o n a l S a f e M o t h e r h o o d P r o g r a m : D e p a r t m e n t o f H e a l t h We b s i t e
2 0 2 3 , f r o m h t t p s : / / d o h . g o v. p h / s e r i a l s / 8 t h - R P R H - 2 0 2 1
. Nation al Saf e
Motherhood Program. Re trie ve d Januar y 1 0, 2 02 3, f rom h ttps :// doh. gov .p h/nation al- saf e- m otherhood-
program
Depart ment of Heal th. ( 2022). Departme nt of Health Annual Re port 20 21 . Man ila, P hili ppin es : De partme
nt of He al th.
National Health Situation
focusing on Maternal and
Child Health

ervinaluisadcampus
 Maternal & child health
refers to the health of mothers,
infants, children, and
adolescents.
 Maternal health
*Refers to the health of women
during pregnancy, childbirth and
postpartum period.
 Child health
*encompasses the physical, mental,
emotional, and social well-being of
children from infancy through
adolescence.
Why is Maternal, and Child Health
Important?
Pregnancy can provide an
opportunity to identify
existing health risks in
women and to prevent future
health problems for women
and their children
Philippines struggles to
lower maternal and infant
mortality
Commonly used indicators of
MCH care are:
1. Maternal mortality rate
2. Mortality in infancy and
childhood
• Neonatal mortality rate
• Infant mortality rate
• Under-Five mortality rate
 Maternal Mortality rate
The death of a woman while pregnant or within
42 days of termination of pregnancy,
irrespective of the duration and the site of the
pregnancy, from any cause
related to or aggravated by
the pregnancy or its
management.
Maternal Mortality
Ratio (MMR)
Is computed as number of maternal
deaths per 100,000 live births.
 Philippine Statistics Authority
(PSA) Maternal Mortality Ratio
(MMR)

(Philippines Department of Health, 2010)

Causes of maternal Mortality, 2020
According to data from the Philippines
Department of Health the top 4 causes of
maternal mortality are:
1. Labor complications,
2. pregnancy-related hypertension,
3. postpartum hemorrhage,
4. unsafe abortion.
(Philippines Department of Health, 2010)
The areas of the Philippines where
these causes of death
and morbidity are the highest are
rural, isolated regions/
communities that exist far from the
country’s capital and
urban centers, including
• ARMM,
• SOCCKSARGEN,
• MIMAROPA and
• . the Cagayan Valley
Causes:
• poor access to health care
services,
• poverty,
• geographic isolation,
• poor birthing practices
including home births or
births without a skilled birth
attendant,
Infant and child mortality
have declined steadily over
the last 15 years in the
Philippines, but the number
of deaths continues to be too
high
INFANT MORTALITY TEN (10)
LEADING CAUSES
A. National Health situation focusing
on Maternal and Child Health.
Goal:
Improve the health and well-being of
women, and Child Health.
NATIONAL HEALTH
SITUATION

• Maternal and child

health services have
improved, with more
children living beyond
infancy,
 NATIONAL HEALTH
SITUATION
• a higher number of
women delivering at
health facilities and
more births being
attended by
professional service
providers than ever
before.
 HEALTH POLICIES
AND SYSTEMS

Philippine Health
Agenda 2016–
2022. Under the
motto “All for
Health Towards
Health for All”
Remaining challenges
1. Over one quarter of
Filipinos live below
the poverty line
2. Around 30% of the
population lack
regular access to
essential medicines
September 2009
- the Philippines with 190
other UN member states joined
in signing the UN Millennium
declaration to commit into
achieving the 8 Millennium
Development Goals(MDG) by
the year 2015.
Target 4.
A Reduce by two-
thirds, between 1990
and 2015, the under-
five mortality rate
The Department of Health (DOH)
strategies for achieving MDG 4
include:
*skilled birth attendance; *essential
newborn care; *integrated
management of sick children;
*micronutrient supplementation;
*immunization; *breastfeeding; and
*birth spacing.
Goal # 5
The target for the Philippines
is the reduction of the MMR to
52 deaths per 100,000 live
births by 2015.
The Department of Health (DOH)
strategies for achieving MDG 5 include:

1. Ante Natal Care (ANC):

4 antenatal visits
2. iron and folic acid
supplementation
3. Facility Based Delivery
(FBD):
3. Skilled Birth Attendant
4. Post Partum Care
5. Post Partum Women given
Vitamin A Supplementation: