PRODUCTION PLANNING

AND CONTROL
PRODUCTION PLANNING AND
CONTROL INTRODUCTION

Production planning and control is a

crucial process in manufacturing
organizations to ensure the right products
are produced in the right quantities, at the
right time, and at the right cost. It involves
developing policies, procedures, and
systems to plan, schedule, and control the
production process, ensuring smooth and
efficient operations.
 TIME STUDY
The main objective of Time study is setting
a standard time limit for completing a
particular job. The time taken for
completing the job is measured for setting
the standard time limit. This helps decide
the number of workers to be employed
for a particular task, determine their
wages, etc.
 WORK STUDY

Work study is the investigation, by means

of a consistent system of the work done in
an organization in order to attain the best
utilization of resources i.e. Materials,
Machines, Men and Money.
 METHOD STUDY

Method study is the process that specifies

the methods and activities considered in a
job through an operations chart and
eliminates unnecessary elements of
operations to obtain the fastest and the
best method of performing a specific job.
 JOB STUDY

Job evaluation is the process of analyzing

and assessing various jobs systematically
to ascertain their relative worth in an
organization. Job evaluation is an
assessment of the relative worth of
various jobs on the basis of a consistent
set of job and personal factors, such as
qualifications and skills required.
JOB ALLOCATION
Job allocation typically, work allocation consists
in sequencing the jobs to the resources resulting
in a set of job sequences where each sequence is
assigned to one resource. A sequence is a
chronologically ordered list of activities that a
resource will execute in sequence.

ASSIGMENT TECHNIQUE
he assignment method is used to determine
what resources are assigned to which
department, machine, or center of operation
in the production process. The goal is to assign
resources in such a way to enhance production
efficiency, control costs, and maximize profits.
 SCHEDULING

Scheduling in Operations Management is

the process of planning, coordinating, and
controlling the use of resources to
complete a production process. It involves
deciding when to start and finish each
task, which resources to use for each task,
and the sequence in which to carry out
the tasks.
 QUEUING MODELS

Queuing Model is a suitable model to

represent a service oriented problem
where customers arrive randomly to
receive some service, the service
time being also a random variable.
 SIMULATION
A simulation is a model that behaves like the
real system. It is the imitation of an operation
of a real process or system over time.

EXAMPLE:
 Flight training simulators for pilots.
 Pilot plants for chemical processes
 Wind tunnels
 Solid models
 Computer models of car crashes
 Climate models
 LINE BALANCING

Line balancing ensures that all operators

and machines work together in a balanced
fashion. No operator or machine should
be overburdened or idle. By minimizing
downtime, line balancing reduces waiting
waste.
 BENEFITS OF LINE
BALANCING
 Reduce waiting waste- It refers to any
idle time that occurs when operations
are not fully synchronized.
 Reduce inventory waste- Inventory
waste is another type of waste. It
corresponds to an excess of raw
materials, work in progress (unfinished
goods), or finished goods. Inventory
waste indicates the inefficient allocation
of capital.
 Absorb internal and external
irregularities-Line balancing reduces
variations within a production line. A
balanced production line is stable and
flexible enough to adapt to changes.
 Reduce production costs and increase
profits- Perfect line balancing leads to
workers and machines that perform in a
fully synchronized manner. No operator
is paid for standing idle. All machines
are used to their full potential. In other
words, manpower and machine
capacity are maximized. Such process
efficiency represents fewer costs and
more profits.
 LEAN OPERATIONS

• Is a process that focuses on minimizing

waste and maximizing value within an
organization. In other words, it is a
continuous improvement methodology
that is designed to help organizations
improve their performance by reducing
waste and increasing efficiency.
 7 COMMON FORM OF WASTE
 Overproduction: Overproduction is when more of a product or service is produced than
is necessary. This can lead to excess inventory, which can result in higher storage and
shipping costs
 Waiting: Waiting is when workers are idle because they are waiting for materials,
information, or instructions. This waste factor can lead to lost productivity and increased
labor costs
 Transportation: Transportation waste is centered around the movement of materials,
products, and people. This type of waste typically results from unnecessary or inefficient
transportation methods.
 Processing: Processing waste occurs when products or services undergo unnecessary or
inefficient steps during production. This can often be the result of outdated technology
or methods.
 Inventory: Inventory waste is created when products or materials are not used in a
timely manner and end up sitting in storage.
 Defects: Defects are products or services that do not meet the quality standards set
by the organization or customer. This type of waste requires the use of significant
resources in order to fix, replace, or rework the defective product or
service.7.Motion: Motion waste is created when people or equipment move
unnecessarily during production. Minimizing motion waste often leads to increased
efficiency and productivity, fewer errors, and reduced worker fatig
 JUST IN TIME (JIT)

 JIT is a form of inventory management

that requires working closely with
suppliers so that raw materials arrive as
production is scheduled to begin, but
no sooner. The goal is to have the
minimum amount of inventory on hand
to meet demand.
 TRANSPORTATION
MODEL

 Deals with a special class of linear

programming problem in which the
objective is to transport a
homogeneous commodity from various
origins or factories to different
destinations or markets at a total
minimum cost.
 LINEAR
PROGRAMMING
TECHNIQUE
 Linear programming (LP) is a
mathematical modeling technique used
by operations managers to determine
optimal solutions to decision problems.
Previous applications include the
determination of optimal airline and
trucking routes, blends of chemicals and
oils, personnel schedules, and patient
case mixes.
Thank you very much mga
jordsss!!!
 GROUP 4

MICHAEL B. CABALLERO JR
JOHNNY MARS O. CACAYAN
JHON PAUL C. SAQUING
GENESIS A. ANTONIO
JAMES E. LABRIGA
ERIC REYES