Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BASIC KNOWLEDGE
OF
HYDRAULIC SEALS
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Module 3: After attending the Basic Knowledge of Seals
Courses:-
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1.0 Oil Seals
• Oil seals are designed to have the functions to prevent oil or water
leaking from the end of a rotating shaft, or dust and water ingressing
from the outside.
• Since oil seals are light and compact, and stable, seal ability can be
obtained.
• They are used in various fields including automobiles, two wheeled
vehicles, construction machinery and farm machinery.
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1.0.1 Oil Seals
Seals are used in moving parts and static parts, and are
categorized as following: -
SEALING COMPONENTS
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1.0.2 Examples of static and dynamic Seals
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1.0.3 Uses of Seals
used in two main application.
Static Seal
Dynamic Seal
Uses of hydraulic seals
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1.1 Major characteristics sealing materials
Most seals used rubber and non-rubber materials for special
applications Teflon and Polyethylene are used.
1.1.1 Type and application standards of rubbers
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1.1 Major characteristics sealing materials Contd.
1.1.1 Type and application standards of rubbers
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2.0 HYDRAULIC SEALS
To hold the fluid under pressure in the system, hydraulic circuit cannot
operate without the proper seals.
3. U Packing 4. V Packing
Example in pump shaft Example in pump shaft and
valve spindle rod
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2.1 Types of hydraulic seals
7. Compression Packing
Example in flange ends, 8. Mechanical Seal
rods seals, cylinder seals Example in water pump shaft
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2.1.1 Standard-type oil seal
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2.1.2 Special-type oil seal
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2.1.2 Special-type oil seal contd.
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3.0 What are lip packings?
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3.1 U & V packings
Dynamic seals for pistons rod ends of cylinder & pump shafts.
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3.2 What are squeeze packings?
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4.0 Cylinder Seals
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4.1 Cylinder Seal Kit In Excavator
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4.2 Seals and Oil-rings in a hydraulic cylinder
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4.2 Seals and Oil-rings in a hydraulic cylinder contd.
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4.3 Cylinder Seals Types and Locations
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4.3 Cylinder Seals Types and Locations Contd.
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4.3 Cylinder Seal Contd.
Wiper Seal
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4.4 Standard Symbols of Seal
‘O’ Ring
1.OR
Buffer Ring
1.HBY 2.ORG
2.HBK 3.ORP
3.STEEP
4.ORBS
4.HBI
5.OR1BG
6.OR1BP
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4.4 Standard Symbols of Seal Contd.
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4.4 Standard Symbols of Seal Contd.
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4.5 Some Examples of Seals Symbols Used
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4.6 Cylinder failures related to bad seals and oil rings.
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5.0 Oil Seals in a Typical Engine Application
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6.0 What is an O-Ring?
An o-ring has two characteristics, geometry (shape) and material. These
two characteristics will dictate how an o-ring will perform in a given
application.
The geometry of the o-ring is defined by two primary dimensions, the
inner diameter (I.D.) and the cross section diameter (C.S.). The outer
diameter (O.D.) is defined by the I.D. and C.S. dimensions.
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6.1 The Types of Seals
O-Rings
used in both static & hydraulic applications.
in dynamic use, o-ring are not used where they must cross openings or pass
corners under pressure. Not are they used on rotating shafts because of wear
pressure.
O-Ring Bore
Groove
Part
Force
O-Ring
Properly
Squeezed
O-Ring Sealing
Between Moving
Parts
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6.4 O-Ring installation steps.
i. Make sure the new O-ring is the correct size.
ii. Clean the area where the O-ring is to be installed thoroughly.
iii. Inspect the O-ring grooves or notches for burrs or nicks which could
damage the new ring.
iv. Check the shaft or spool (if used) for sharp edges or nicks.
v. Before installation, lubricate the O-ring with the same type of fluid used
in the part or system.
vi. Install the O-ring . Protect it from sharp edges and other parts. Do not
stretch it more than necessary.
vii. Be sure the parts are correctly aligned before mating to avoid damage to
the O-ring.
viii.Make a final check after the O-ring is installed to be sure there are no
leaks and that the parts more correctly.
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6.5 Some Typical Cause of O-ring Failure
Worn O-Ring:
Lack of Lubrication Twisted O-Ring:
Installed Wrong
Flattened O-Ring:
Used of Low Grade Rings
Cut O-Ring
Shaft Damage or Installed Wrong
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6.5 Some Typical Cause of O-ring Failure Contd.
Cracked O-Ring:
Too Much Heat
Dirty O-Ring:
Poor Storage or Contaminated System
Swollen O-Ring:
Use of Wrong Fluid
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7.0 Mechanical Seals
Mechanical seals are used as DUO-CONE SEAL.
Duo-Cone seals are a very special type of seal. The seal is made
to keep large amounts of dirt out of a component and to keep
lubricants in.
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7.0 Mechanical Seals
The seal is made of two round toric rings (generally made of rubber)
and two metal rings. The toric rings are installed on the metal ring
grooves.
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7.0 Mechanical Seals
The rubber rings hold the metal rings together to from a seal. They
also make a cushion for the metal seal rings when the seal has
movement. The cushion of the rubber rings keep the sealed faces
in alignment for all shaft conditions during operation.
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7.1 Usage of Mechanical Seals
Track Rollers
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7.1 Usage of Mechanical Seals Contd.
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Thank You
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