HIP BONE

PRESENTED BY : - OM PAWAR (65)

ARYAN PAWAR (64)
VARAD MALI (44)
INTRODUCTION TO HIP
BONE:-
• LARGE IRREGULAR BONE
• TWO IN NUMBER, LEFT AND RIGHT.
• MADE UP OF THREE PARTS :-
1. ILIUM
2. ISCHIUM
3. PUBIS
• THE THREE PARTS ARE JOINED
TO EACH OTHER AT
ACETABULUM
• ILIUM (SUPERIORLY)
• PUBIS (ANTEROINFERIORLY)
• ISCHIUM (POSTEROINFERIORLY)
• THE PUBIS AND ISCHIUM ARE
SEPARATED BY A LARGE
OPENING CALLED AS
OBTURATOR FORAMEN
THE ACETABULUM ARTICULATED WITH THE HEAD OF
FEMUR TO FORM THE HIP JOINT.
THE PUBIC PARTS OF THE TWO HIP BONES MEET
ANTERIORLY TO FORM PUBIC SYMPHYSIS.
SIDE DETERMINATION:-
• THE ACETABULUM IS DIRECTED
LATERALLY.
• ILIUM FORMS THE UPPER PART
OF THE BONE, WHICH LIES
ABOVE THE ACETABULUM.
• OBTURATOR FORAMEN LIES
BELOW THE ACETABULUM,
BOUNDED ANTERIORLY BY PUBIS
AND POSTERIORLY BY ISCHIUM.
ILIUM
The ilium forms the upper part of the hip bone. Its lower
part forms the upper two-fifths of the acetabulum.
The ilium has the following parts:-

• iliac crest
• Three borders:-anterior
posterior
medial.
• Three surfaces:- gluteal surface
iliac surface or iliac fossa
sacropelvic surface.
ILIAC CREST

The iliac crest is a broad

convex ridge forming the
upper end of the ilium. It
can be felt in the living
The highest point of the iliac crest is situated a little behind
the midpoint of the crest.

Ends:- 1. The anterior end of the iliac crest is called anterior

superior iliac spine (ASIS).
2. The posterior end of the crest is called posterior
superior iliac spine.
 MORPHOLOGICAL DIVISIONS
TWO SEGMENTS :- LONG VENTRAL SEGMENT
SHORT DORSAL SEGMENT
VENTRAL SEGMENT:- FORMS MORE THAN ANTERIOR 2/3RD PART
OF THE ILIAC CREST.
IT HAS THREE PARTS :- OUTER LIP
INNER LIP
INTERMEDIATE AREA
DORSAL SEGMENT:- FORMS LESS THAN POSTERIOR 1/3RD PART
OF THE ILIAC CREST
HAS LATERAL AND MEDIAL SLOPES
The tubercle of the iliac crest is an elevation that lies on
the outer lip about 5 cm behind the anterior superior iliac
spine.
BORDERS:-

•ANTERIOR BORDER
•POSTERIOR BORDER
•MEDIAL BORDER
GLUTEAL SURFACE-

OUTER SURFACE OF THE ILIUM

DIVIDED INTO 4 AREAS BY 3 GLUTEAL LINES

1.POSTERIOR GLUTEAL LINE - SHORTEST

2.ANTERIOR GLUTEAL LINE – LONGEST
3.INFERIOR GLUTEAL LINE – MOST ILL DEFINED
ILIAC FOSSA
• Iliac fossa is the large
concave area on the
inner surface of ilium,
situated in front of its
medial border. It forms
the lateral wall of false
pelvis.
 SACROPELVIC SURFACE

• UNEVEN AREA ON THE INNER SURFACE OF THE ILIUM.

• IT IS SUBDIVIDED INTO THREE PARTS- ILIAC TUBEROSITY
AURICULAR SURFACE
PELVIC SURFACE
1. ILIAC TUBEROSITY - UPPER, LARGE, ROUGHENED AREA
2. AURICULAR SURFACE – ARTICULAR BUT PITTED
ANTEROINFERIOR TO THE ILIAC TUBEROSITY
FORMS SACROILIAC JOINT
3. PELVIC SURFACE – SMOOTH
ANTEROINFERIOR TO THE AURICULAR SURFACE
ATTACHMENTS
OF ILIUM
CLINICAL ANATOMY

ILIAC CREST IS USED

FOR TAKING BONE
MARROW BIOPSY IN
CASES OF ANAEMIA
OR LEUKAEMIA
PUBIS
FORMS THE ANTEROINFERIOR PART OF THE HIP BONE
IT HAS THREE PARTS:
SUPERIOR RAMUS (SUPEROLATERALLY)
BODY (ANTERIORLY)
INFERIOR RAMUS (INFEROLATERALLY)
BODY OF PUBIS

Body contains two parts:

1. Pubic tubercle
2. Pubic crest
Has 3 Surfaces:
Anterior Surface: 4 muscles attached : a) Adductor longus
b) Gracilis
c) Adductor brevis
d) Obturator externus

Posterior(Pelvic Surface): Smooth and related to urinary

bladder

Medial (Symphyseal Surface): It forms the pubic symphysis

SUPERIOR RAMUS
Has 3 borders and 3 surfaces:-
1. Superior Border aka Pectineal line : has sharp crest
2. Anterior Border aka Obturator Crest
3. Inferior Border

• Pectineal Surface – origin to pectineus muscle

• Pelvic Surface – covered by peritoneum
• Obturator Surface – obturator nerve and vessels passes
INFERIOR RAMUS
Forms conjoint ischiopubic ramus
ISCHIUM
 ISCHIUM FORMS THE POSTEROINFERIOR PART
OF THE HIP BONE ADJOINING 2/5TH OF THE
ACETABULUM.
BODY OF ISCHIUM

This is a thick and massive mass of bone that

lies below behind the acetabulum
It has :
Two ends – Upper and Lower
Three borders – anterior, posterior and lateral
Three surfaces – femoral, dorsal and pelvic
 ENDS OF ISCHIUM

• The upper end forms the posteroinferior two-

fifths of the acetabulum.
• The lower end forms the ischial tuberosity. It
gives off the ramus of the ischium which forms
an acute angle with the body.
 BORDERS OF ISCHIUM
• ANTERIOR BORDER
• POSTERIOR BORDER
• LATERAL BORDER
SURFACES OF
ISCHIUM
•FEMORAL SURFACE
•DORSAL SURFACE
•PELVIC SURFACE
ATTACHMENTS OF
ISCHIUM
 POSTERIOR VIEW OF RIGHT ISCHIAL
TUBEROSITY AND ITS ATTACHMENTS
ACETABULUM
OBTURATOR FORAMEN
CLINICAL ANATOMY

WEAVER’S BOTTOM –
PERSONS SITTING FOR
A LONG PERIOD OF
TIME MAY GET
INFLAMMATION OF
THEIR ISCHIAL
TUBEROSITY BURSA
OSSIFICATION
OSSIFIES FROM 3 PRIMARY CENTRES AND 5 SECONDARY
CENTRES

THE PRIMARY CENTRES APPEAR,

• ONE FOR THE ILIUM DURING THE SECOND MONTH OF
INTRAUTERINE LIFE;
• ONE FOR THE ISCHIUM DURING THE FOURTH MONTH;
• AND ONE FOR THE PUBIS DURING THE FIFTH MONTH.
AT BIRTH, THE HIP BONE IS OSSIFIED EXCEPT FOR
THREE CARTILAGINOUS PARTS. THESE ARE:
I. THE ILIAC CREST.
II. A Y-SHAPED CARTILAGE
III. A STRIP ALONG THE INFERIOR MARGIN OF
THE BONE INCLUDING THE ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY.
THE SECONDARY CENTRES APPEAR AT PUBERTY
-TWO FOR THE ILIAC CREST, TWO FOR THE Y-SHAPED
CARTILAGE OF THE ACETABULUM, AND ONE FOR THE
ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY.

• OSSIFICATION IN THE ACETABULUM IS COMPLETE AT

16TH-17TH YEAR, AND THE REST OF THE BONE IS OSSIFIED
BY 20TH-25TH YEAR.

• THE ANTERIOR SUPERIOR ILIAC SPINE, PUBIC TUBERCLE

AND CREST, AND THE SYMPHYSEAL SURFACE MAY HAVE
SEPARATE SECONDARY CENTRES OF OSSIFICATION
THANK
YOU !!