WELCOME

RADIOACTIVE
WASTE
BY: VHENZ IVAN MONDRES BSEE 2-A
RADIOACTIVE WASTE IS PRODUCED
AS A BYPRODUCT OF VARIOUS
HUMAN ACTIVITIES INVOLVING
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS, SUCH AS
NUCLEAR POWER GENERATION,
MEDICAL TREATMENTS, INDUSTRIAL
PROCESSES, AND SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH.
RADIOACTIVE WASTE IS ANY
LIQUID, GAS OR SOLID THAT
CONTAINS A RADIOACTIVE
NUCLEAR SUBSTANCE AND FOR
WHICH THERE IS NO FORESEEABLE
USE.
3 CATEGORIES OF RADIOACTIVE
WASTE
 Low-Level Waste (LLW)
 Intermediate-Level Waste (ILW)
 High-Level Waste (HLW)

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LOW-LEVEL WASTE (LLW)
Is more radioactive than
clearance levels and exemption
quantities allow
WhatHow
Where Is ItIt Looks
Does
Does Stored?
come From?
Like?

Nuclear power plants, research reactors,

Typically,
test long-lived
facilities, radioisotope
low-level waste is
Used equipment, paper, cable, clothing,
stored
manufacturers
above/belowor users,
the ground
uranium
at
decommissioned parts, even mops.
refining
licensedandfacilities
conversion,
in binsand
andnuclear
bags.
fuel fabrication.

5
 INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL
WASTE (ILW)
Contains enough long-lived
Nuclear power plants,
radionuclides to require isolation and
Refurbishment waste,
containment.
prototype
Currently, and
this waste research
is stored
ion-exchange resins
Where
in shieldedDoes
reactors, test It Comeor
facilities,
above-ground
What
and How does
someIs Itit Stored?
look
radioactive like?
in-ground From?
storage silos at
and radioisotope
sources
licensed wasteused in
facilities.
manufacturers and
radiation therapy.
users.

6
HIGH LEVEL WASTE Is primarily used nuclear fuel, along
with small amounts of waste that
generate significant heat and
radioactivity. contains the fission
Nuclear power plants, products and transuranic elements
prototype and research generated in the reactor core.
reactors, and test facilities.
the majority of spent nuclear
fuel is from commercial
nuclear power plant
reactors. Currently, most
high-level waste is stored at WHERE DOES IT COMES FROM
the site where the waste
was generated.

7
WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE? Used nuclear fuel that is still
significantly radioactive. is primarily
spent fuel removed from reactors after
Used fuel is stored at the producing electricity.
reactor site in reinforced, leak-
proof cooling pools for 7 to 10
years, and then can be
transferred to dry storage in
concrete canisters or silos.
power plants, prototype and
research reactors, and test
facilities. the majority of spent HOW IS IT STORED DOES IT
nuclear fuel is from commercial
nuclear power plant reactors.
COMES FROM
Currently, most high-level waste
is stored at the site where the
waste was generated.
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Why we need to be careful in radioactive waste?

Exposure to ionizing radiation can

damage living tissues and increase the
risk of cancer, genetic mutations, and
other health problems.

Some radioactive isotopes have long half-

lives, meaning they remain radioactive for
extended periods.

Improper disposal or accidents involving

radioactive waste can lead to
contamination of soil, water, and air. This
contamination can persist for thousands
of years, impacting ecosystems and
wildlife. 9
What does Radioactive waste storage Looks Like

10
what will happen if it is not properly
taken care of Radioactive Facilities?

3 ListThat is Popular on Radioactive Places on

Earth.

11
 Fukishima, Japan

The water overwhelmed the

defensive sea wall, flooding
the plant and knocking out
the emergency generators.
Workers rushed to restore
power, but in the days that
followed the nuclear fuel in
three of the reactors
overheated and partly melted
the cores - something known
as a nuclear meltdown.

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 Chernobyl, Ukraine

On April 26, 1986, a sudden surge of

power during a reactor systems test
destroyed Unit 4 of the nuclear power
station at Chernobyl, Ukraine, in the
former Soviet Union. The accident
and the fire that followed released
massive amounts of radioactive
material into the environment. water
overwhelmed the defensive sea wall,
flooding the plant and knocking out
the emergency generators. Workers
rushed to restore power, but in the
days that followed the nuclear fuel in
three of the reactors overheated and
partly melted the cores - something
known as a nuclear meltdown.

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 Bikini Atoll, United States

The island is the site of

a radioactive waste
repository left by the
United States after it
conducted a series of
nuclear tests on
Enewetak Atoll between
1946 and 1958.

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THANK YOU!
Quiz Time!

16
1. waste is any liquid, gas or solid that contains nuclear
substance.

2 - 4. What are the 3 categories of radioactive waste.

5. Contains enough long-lived radionuclides to require

isolation and containment substance

6. Is primarily used nuclear fuel, along with small amounts

of waste that generate significant heat and radioactivity.

7. Is more radioactive than clearance levels and exemption

quantities allow.

8 – 10. Dictate What are the 3 Popular on Radioactive

Places on Earth.
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 Answers

1. Radio Active Waste

2 – 4. Low-Level Waste, Intermediate-level

waste, High-level radioactive waste

5. Intermediate-level waste

6. High-level radioactive waste

7. Low-Level waste

8 – 10. Fukishima, Japan / Chernobyl, Ukraine / Bikini Atoll, United

States 18