21 CENTURY LITERATURE IN

st

THE PHILIPPINES AND THE

WORLD
TRY SINGING THIS SONG
Sitsiritsit, alibangbang
Salaginto, salagubang.
Ang babae sa lansangan
Kung gumiri’y parang tandang.

Santo Niño sa Pandacan

Puto seco sa tindahan
Kung ayaw kang magpautang
Uubusin ka ng langgam.
Mama, mama namamangka
Pasakayin yaring bata
Pagdating sa Maynila
Ipagpalit sa manika

Ale, aleng namamayong,

Pasukubin yaring sanggol
Pagdating sa Malabon,
Ipagpalit sa bagoong.
WHAT CAN YOU SAY
ABOUT THE PICTURE?
PRE-SPANISH AND SPANISH
PHIL. LITERATURE
PRE-SPANISH LITERATURE
- is characterized by:
• Folk tales- These are made up
of stories about life, adventure,
love, horror, and humor where
one can derive lessons.
EXAMPLES:

Aponibolinayen and the Sun

Aponibolinayen
Gawigawen of Adasen
The Story of Gaygayoma Who Lives up
Above
The Story of Dumalawi
 The Epic Age
- Epics are long narrative
poems in which a series of
heroic achievements or
events, usually of a hero, are
dealt with at length.
- EXAMPLES:

Biag ni Lam-ang (from the Ilocos region)

Tuwaang ( Bagobo epic story )
Aslon and Ibalon ( Bicol Epic Story )
Epic Story of Aliguyon ( Ifugao Epic Stories )
Maragtas Chronicles of Panay ( Visayan Epic
Story )
 Folk Songs
- These are one of the oldest forms of
Philippine literature that emerged in
the pre-Spanish period.
- These songs mirrored the early forms
of culture.
- Many of these have 12 syllables.
 LEGEND
- Are narrative prose which
aims to entertain and tell the
story of how an object, place or
name originated
 EXAMPLE:
-THE LEGEND OF GUAVA
- WHY PINA HAS MANY EYES
- Why does fish have scales? (The girl
who turned into a Fish)
- The Legend of Bulkang Mayon
 MYTHS
- Are narratives that describe and
portray in symbolic language the origin
of the basic elements and assumptions
of a culture.
- Example:
- Bungisngis
- Baconaua/Bakunawa
 -Example:
-Bungisngis
-Baconaua/Bakunawa
-Aswang
-Kapre
 RIDDLE
- Made up of one or more measured lines with
rhymes and may consist of 4 to 12 syllables
- Showcase the Filipino wit, literary talent, and
keen observation of the surroundings
- Involves reference to one or two images that
symbolize the characteristics of an unknown
objects object that is to be guessed.
 EXAMPLE
- Balong malalim, puno ng
patalim
- Araw-araw namamatay, taun-
taon nabubuhay
- Dalawang katawan, tagusan
ang tadyang
 EXAMPLE
- Malambot na parang ulap,
kasama mo sa pangarap
- Limang puno ng niyog, isa’y
matayog
- Aling mabuting letrato, ang
kuhang-kuha sa mukha mo?
 SALAWIKAIN/SAWIKAIN
- Short poems that have been customarily
been used and served as laws or rules on
good behavior by our ancestors
- Allegories or parables that impart lessons
for the young
- Often expressing a single idea, that is
usually satirical and had a witty ending
 EXAMPLE
- Kung walang tiyaga, walang
nilaga.
- Bago mo sabihin at gawin,
makapitong iisipin
- Kung may isinuksok, may
madudukot
 EXAMPLE
- Aanhin pa ang damo kung patay na ang kabayo.
- Pag binato ka ng bato batuhin mo ng tinapay
- Matibay ang walis palibhasa’y magkabigkis.
- Bahay mo man ay bato kung tumitira'y kuwago,
mabuti pa ang isang kubo na ang nakatira ay tao.
 BULONG
- Used in witchcraft or
enchantments
- Example:
- Tabi, tabi po Ingkong
Makikiraan po lamang.
 EXAMPLES:
- Ikaw ang nagnanakaw ng bigas
ko
lumuwa sana ang mata mo
Mamaga sana ang katawan mo
patayin ka ng mga anito
SAYINGS/KASABIHAN
-It is used in teasing or
to comment on a
persons’ actuations
 EXAMPLES:
- Huwag kang magtiwala sa 'di mo kakilala.
- Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa
pinanggalingan ay hindi makararating sa
paroroonan.
- Ang kaginhawaan ay nasa kasiyahan, at wala sa
kasaganaan.
- Ang hindi magmahal sa kanyang wika ay mahigit
pa sa hayop at malansang isda.
ESSAY
Write explanations of 1 proverbs of your choice in not less than 3
sentences.
 SPANISH
LITERATURE
 HISTORY
- Spanish Colonization of the Philippines
started in 1565 during the time of Miguel
Lopez de Legazpi, the first governor-
general in the Philippines. Literature
started to flourish during his time. The
spurt continued unbated until the Cavite
Revolt in 1872.
 LITERARY COMPOSITIONS
- AWIT - DALIT
- PASYON
- CENACULO
- MORO-MORO
- CARILLO
- TIBAG
- DUPLO AT KARAGATAN
- ZARZUELA
 AWIT
- A heroic-chivalric narrative
poem
- These have measures of twelve
syllables and slowly sung to
the accompaniment of guitar
or banduria.
 PASYON
- A narrative poem on the life of Christ was chanted
during the Lenten Season.
- A narrative of Passion, Death and Resurrection of
Jesus Christ woven with the standard elements of
epic poetry and a colorful dramatic theme, with
stanzas of five lines. Each line has eight syllables.
This form of the passion narrative is popular in the
Philippines, especially during Lenten season or
Holy Week.
 CENACULO
- A traditional Filipino dramatization of the life
and times of Jesus Christ. Done is singing
(pasyon) and recitation, it is presented in the
public squares in many towns, in houses and
street during the season of Lent.
- A Lenten play that depicts events from the Old
and New Testaments related to the life,
sufferings and death of Christ.
 MORO-MORO - A.K.A comedia de capa y espada
- A blood and thunder melodrama which depicted the conflict
between the Christians and the Muslims. Of course always the
Christians always emerged as victors in the struggles.
- It is presented also in stage. This is performed during town
fiestas to entertain people and to remind them of their Christian
religion.
- The first moro-moro play was in 1637, a play to dramatize the
recent capture by a Christian Filipino army of an Islamic
stronghold. It was so popular that other plays were written and
staged as folk dramas in Christian Villages.
 CARILLO
- A shadow play (similar to
puppet show) was made of
cardboard figures projected on
a white screen. The manipulator
supply the action and the
dialogue.