Pathphysiology

Topic:Clinical features of Neoplasia

Presented by: Sadia javed
Rahila BiBi
Parsa Afzal
Presented to: Dr Madihha Ehsan
Clinical Features of Neoplasia
1. Effect According to Tumor Cell:
Any tumor,bengin or malignant may cause morbidity and actuality.
location of the tumor is of critical importance in both benging and
malignant tumor e.g.
• A small pituitary adenoma can compress and destroy surrounding
normal gland and give rise to hypopituitarism.
• A small carcinoma within common bile duct may induce fatal biliary
tract obstruction.
2. Hormone production:
Hormone production increase in both benign and malignant tumor
arising in endocrine glands e.g.
• Tumor of pancreas produce increase amount of insulin causing
hyperinsulinism.
• Tumor of adrenal cortex produce excessive corticosteroids.
3. Irritation of serous membranes:
Deposition of tumor on serous membrane result in formation of
inflammatory exudates.
4. Tissue destruction:
Progressive destruction of tissue may produce loss of
function,perforation and hemorrhage.
5. Infection:
infection may superimpose the ulcerated tumors.
6. Fever:
Certain tumor produce fever directly and some indirectly due to
infection.
7. Anemia:
It may occur due to prolonged malnutrition,recurrent blood loss and
long lasting infection producing marrow depression.
8. Malignant cachexia:
The progressive weakness and loss of weight in the presence of
malignant tumor is called malignant cachexia. It may be induced by the
toxin produced by the tumor or by malnutrition, hemmohage, pain,
insomnia, and bacterial infection.
9. Obstruction:
It may be caused in hollow viscus by tumor in the lumen or pressing on
the wall from outside e.g.
• Intestinal obstruvtion
• Biliary tract _____ causing obstruction jaundice
• Urinary tract_____ causing hydronephrosis
• Bronchus _____ pulmonary collapse
• portal vein ascites and varices