CASTRUL ȘI BĂILE ROMANE DE LA MĂLĂIEȘTI.

CONCLUZII PRELIMINARE PRIVIND TIPOLOGIA ARTEFACTELOR ȘI DATAREA SITULUI

THE ROMAN FORT AND BATHS FROM MĂLĂIESTI.
PRELIMINARY CONCLUSIONS ON ARTIFACT TYPOLOGY AND SITE DATING
Ovidiu Țentea
THE METAL
VESSELS
Silvia Mustață, Ovidiu Țentea, The Roman metal
vessels from Mălăiești Roman fort. In: V. Bârcă, S.
Mustață, V.-A. Lăzărescu, V. Rusu-Bolindeț, D.
Matei (eds.), Faber. Studies in Honour of Sorin Cociș
ay his 65th Anniversary, Cluj-Napoca, Ed. Mega,
2022, 351-369.

Roxana Bugoi, Ovidiu Țentea, Ioana Manea, A

window into roman glass from the beginning of the 2
nd c. AD an archaeometric study of selected vitreous
finds discovered in the roman fort and bath from
Mălăiești, Romania, Archaeological and
Anthropological Studies 15, 134 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-023-01837-x

Laurențiu Angheluță, Ovidiu Țentea, Luminița

Ghervase, Ioana Cortea, Monica Dinu, Lucian
Rățoiu, Anca Pârâu, Integrated
multi-analitical study of the bronze vessel from
Mălăiești Roman fort, Journal of Ancient History and
Arhaeology 9.1, 2022, 169-180. DOI: https://doi.org/
10.14795/j.v9i1.743

Laurențiu Angheluță, Ovidiu Țentea, Alexandru

Dozsa Virtual
reconstruction and restoration of the Mălăiești roman
bronze vessel for an interactive online exhibition
proposal, Cercetări Arheologice 29.1, 2022, 245-258.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46535/ca.29.1.11
 PETROVSZKY IV, 1 (1/9-35/40 P. CHR.)
NIJMEGEN (PETROVSZKY 1993)

PETROVSZKY IV, 2 (35/40-80/85 P. CHR.)

CREMONA (PETROVSZKY 1993)

CASEROLĂ
FRAGMENTARĂ
1-3. DESCOPERITE LA NIJMEGEN (DEN BOESTERD 1956)
Capac de cană DIN tablă de bronz (Blechkanne)

Ulpia Noviomagus, M8
(Koster 1997)
 MÂNER DIN
BRONZ

NAPOLI

AUGUSTA RAURICA
(RIHA 2001)
GĂLEATA DE TIP
ÖSTLAND
• descoperită în pivniță
(ANGHELUȚĂ ET ALII 2021)
RECONSTITUIRE FOTOGRAMETRICĂ
(ANGHELUȚĂ ET ALII 2021)
© RIJKSMUSEUM VAN OUDHEDEN, LEIDEN
 GĂLEȚI DE TIP
ÖSTLAND
SECOLUL III P. CHR.

BONN HAGENAU

STUTTGART
GLASSWARE
Arms and Military Equipment
OVIDIU ȚENTEA, ALEXANDRU RAȚIU,
THE ARMS AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT
FROM MĂLĂIEȘTI ROMAN FORT IN:
BĂRBULESCU, A. (ED.), ROMAN DACIA
AND THE ROMAN ARMY. PAPERS
PRESENTED TO LIVIU PETCULESCU ON
THE OCCASION OF HIS 75TH BIRTHDAY.
Thrusting spears.
1. Iron socket point spearhead, with a long pyramid shaped head
2. Iron socket point spear head, with a long pyramid shaped tip,
3. Iron spear head, with a long pyramid shaped tip,
4. Iron spear head, with a long round profiled shank and an
equally long blade, triangular in section with barbed ends of the
three edges as they approach the shank.
21. Iron crest mount (holder)
22. Copper-alloy vertical fastener (lorica segmantata),
23. Copper-alloy tie loop (lorica segmentata),
24. Copper-alloy flat-headed stud, with a round sectioned and
thick shank.

25-26. Copper-alloy junction loop

27. Copper-alloy strap terminal cast and battered.
28. Copper-alloy strap fitting, cast.
29. Copper-alloy junction phalera,
30. Iron horse bit, along with the
entire bit system.
31. Iron peg, has a round
sectioned body,
 Densitatea mare a barăcilor din castru (orientate per strigas) a sugerat ocuparea
castrului de către o unitate de cavalerie activă în campanie. Descoperirea unor piese de
harnașament, dar și a altor piese conexe atestă staționarea unor efectivele de cavalerie.
O discuție interesantă este legată de descoperirea unei phalera, a cărei datări tipologice
nu depășește perioada flaviană.
 Elementele de echipament caracteristic legiunilor (21-23) pot indica o promovare a
ofițerilor din rândul legionarilor. Este foarte probabil ca în funcții de comandă ale
unității staționate la Mălăiești să fi fost foștii legionari Acești ofițeri par să fi folosit
echipamentul legionar. În acest context, am pus în conexiune și două vârfuri de socket Arms and Military Equipment
pila, care ca și phalera, par să fi fost piese “old fashioned”.
 86 coins discovered during the archaeological excavations carried out at the Roman
fort and baths at Mălăiesti (19 specimens in the fort and 67 specimens in the baths),
as well as 3 coins found by chance in the area of the fort. The earliest of these date
from the period of the Roman Republic, while the most recent were issued during
the final years of Trajan’s reign, more precisely between February 116 and August
117.

 The provincial coins, both issued in Bithynia (I.18;II.67), are of particular interest in this regard.
COINAGE
In the Lower Danube region, provincial coins accounted for a very low proportion of the coins in
circulation during the reign of Trajan, with coins struck/countermarked in Tomis predominating Mihai Dima, Ovidiu Țentea,
among known discoveries. From Dobrudja, a single coin of Trajan, struck in Bithynia, was The Coin from Mălăiești Roman
published, to which we can add two unpublished coins found in Sucidava (Izvoarele, Constanța
County) and Constanța.
Fort and Bath,
 Itis extremely likely that these coins were brought to Mălăiești by soldiers, not least because one
Journal of Ancient History and
of them was found within the fort. An indirect argument in support of this is given bythe fact that Archaeology 10, 2, 2023, 38-58.
Muntenia was not colonised by the Romans during the military occupation under Trajan. The two
coins from Mălăiești might indicate a direct link between the soldiers accommodated at Mălăiești
and Bithynia.
 From the examination of these coin finds, it can be concluded that the fort and baths at Mălăiești
were built and used by soldiers who took part in Emperor Trajan’s eastern campaign or who, after
being stationed temporarily in Bithynia, were sent to the Lower Danube region to replace some of
the military units sent to the East. They may even have been brought to Muntenia in the context
of the unrest caused by the Roxolani, remaining at Mălăiești until the organisation of Dacia, in
the first years of Hadrian’s reign. This scenario is supported by the large proportion of coins
issued in the years AD 114-117, found in both the fort and the baths, the low degree of wear of
the more recent piece sand the presence of provincial coins.