Fundamental Technologies-

IoT and Smart Cities

 Internet of Things (IoT)-
Fundamental

The vast network of devices connected to the

internet, including smart phones and tablets and almost
anything with a sensor on it – cars, machines in production
plants, jet engines, oil drills, wearable devices, and more.
These “things” collect and exchange data.
 Making Things Smarter

It used to tell you Now it tells And how you

the time you what to do are doing
The Things Involved With IoT
⚫ Internet of Things device
⚫ Entity
⚫ Physical layer
⚫ Network layer
⚫ Application layer
⚫ Remotes
⚫ Analytics
⚫ Data storage
Three causes of IoT

⚫ 1. Communication
⚫ 2. Control and Automation
⚫ 3. Cost Savings
 Characteristics

⚫ Efficient, scalable and associated architecture

⚫ Unambiguous naming and addressing
⚫ Abundance of sleeping nodes, mobile and non-IP
devices
⚫ Intermittent connectivity
IoT Challenges
 IoT Industries
Several environments within the three groups of consumers,
governments, and ecosystems will benefit from the IoT.These
include

⚫ Manufacturing ⚫ Insurance
⚫ Transportation ⚫ Connected Home
⚫ Defense ⚫ Food Services
⚫ Agriculture ⚫ Utilities
⚫ Infrastructure ⚫ Hospitality
⚫ Banks ⚫ Healthcare
⚫ Oil, gas, and mining ⚫ Smart Buildings etc.
 IoT Companies
There are literally hundreds of companies linked to the Internet
of Things, and the list should only expand in the coming years.
Here are some of the major players

Honeywell T-Mobile Comcast Garmin Blackrock InvenSense

Hitachi
(HON) (TMUS) (CMCSA) (GRMN) (BLK) (INVN)

Silicon
Control4 CalAmp
GE (GE) AT&T (T) Cisco (CSCO) IBM (IBM) Laboratories
(CTRL) (CAMP)
(SLAB)
Linear
Amazon Skyworks Sierra Wireless InterDigital Ruckus Wireless
Apple (AAPL) Technology
(AMZN) (SWKS) (SWIR) (IDCC) (RKUS)
(LLTC)
Iridium Silver Spring Zebra
Google Ambarella ARM Holdings Nimble Storage
Communications Networks Technologies
(GOOGL) (AMBA) (ARMH) (NMBL)
(IRDM) (SSNI) (ZBRA)
Texas Microsoft Red Hat Arrow
ORBCOMM (MSFT) (RHT) Electronics
Instruments PTC (PTC) Fitbit (FIT)
(ORBC) (ARW)
(TXN)
 IoT Platforms

The following are some of the top IoT platforms on the market
today

⚫ Amazon Web Services

⚫ Microsoft Azure
⚫ ThingWorx IoT Platform
⚫ IBM's Watson
⚫ Cisco IoT Cloud Connect
⚫ Salesforce IoT Cloud
⚫ Oracle Integrated Cloud
IoT Enablers
Connectivity Layers
 Baseline Technologies

 A number of technologies that are very closely

related to IoT include
 Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications,
 Cyber-Physical-Systems (CPS)
 Web-of-Things (WoT).
 Massive IoT:

 Requirements of Massive IoT:

 Low cost
 Low energy
 Small data volumes
 and Massive numbers of devices.
 Examples are like smart buildings, smart agriculture, logistic tracking
and management etc.
 Critical IoT:

 Requirements of Critical IoT:

 Ultra-Reliable
 Very low latency
 Very high reliability
 Examples are like remote health care, traffic safety and control,
industrial applications and control etc.
Machine-to-Machine (M2M)
communications
 Machine to Machine (M2M) communications was first introduced by
Telecommunications service providers (TSP).

 Earlier IoT was referred to as Machine to Machine (M2M)

communications only.

 M2M means devices connected to internet can communicate to one

another through wired and mostly wireless network.

 From this concept of M2M with evolved communication technology

like 4G-LTE or 5G, concept of MASSIVE IoT deployment comes in to
picture.
 Smart Cities

A smart city is an urban development vision to integrate

information and communication technology (ICT) and
Internet of things (IoT) technology in a secure fashion
to manage a city's assets.
Outline of Smart City
Smart Home

• Make entertainment more

interactive and immersive
• Increase comfort
• Save energy
Smart cars
Smart Me – Healthcare
Street Lighting

• Turn on-off
• Coverage across a city
• Create a safe environment
Smart Transportation

• Parking
• Traffic
• Emergency Services
• Highways
Smart Energy and the Smart Grid
Smart Factory and Smart Manufacturing

• Productivity gains
• Efficiency
• Agility
 Crowd Management

• Using video footage & facial recognition

• Using sensor technology
• Tracking the location
Fundamental Technologies-
Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing
• A model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a
shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks,
servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service
provider interaction
 Conventional vs Cloud Computing
Conventional: Cloud:
•Manually Provisioned •Self-provisioned
•Dedicated Hardware •Shared Hardware
•Fixed Capacity •Elastic Capacity
•Pay for Capacity •Pay for Use
•Capital & Operational •Operational Expenses
Expenses •Managed via APIs / self
•Managed via service portal
Sysadmins
5 Key Cloud Computing Attributes
• Shared / pooled resources
• Broad network access
• On-demand self-service
• Scalable and elastic
• Metered by use
Cloud Computing:
Delivery
Model
Three Service Delivery Models
• IaaS: Infrastructure as a Service
Consumer can provision computing resources within provider's
infrastructure upon which they can deploy and run arbitrary
software, including OS and applications
• PaaS: Platform as a Service
Consumer can create custom applications using programming
tools supported by the provider and deploy them onto the provider's
cloud infrastructure
• SaaS: Software as a Service
Consumer uses provider’s applications running on provider's
cloud infrastructure
IaaS, PaaS, SaaS Comparison
Cloud Computing:
Deployment
Model
 Deployment Model
• Private Cloud
The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization
comprising multiple consumers (e.g., business units). premises
• Community Cloud
The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community
of consumers from organizations that have shared concerns
• Public Cloud
The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general public
• Hybrid Cloud
The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more distinct cloud
infrastructures (private, community, or public)
 Deployment Model
Cloud Provider

Public
External

The hosting infrastructure is

Service & infrastructure
provided exclusively for one Customized combination of
Hybrid provided publlicly for multiple
customer (either locally or at en private and public cloud
client. Most economical
external provider). Most services. Most flexible system,
solution, but security and
expensive solution for security but difficult to implement.
compliance concerns.
requirements.

Share infrastructure Does not share Data residence based on

accross different users infrastructure classificaiton

Inexpensive and easy to Mission critical workload, Dynamic and highly

setup security, uptime, etc changeable workload

Private Private On-

(Service Provider) premise
(Customer)
Cloud Computing &
Smart
City
Top 5 Benefits of Cloud Computing
for Smart City
1. Faster time to market
2. Cost saving
3. Faster access to new technology / resources
4. High performance infrastructure
5. Better scalability
Challenge of Cloud
Computing
Adoption
• Unauthorized access to customer and business
data
• Security risks at the vendor
• Compliance and legal risks
• Risks related to lack of control
• Availability risks
Fundamental Services-