Learning Approaches

in Teaching
English/Reading
What is a Learning Approach?
 It is an element used by teachers to help
students understand the information in depth.
Aflalo, E., & Gabay, E. (2013)
 Its primary focus is not on the amount of how
much is learned, but on the way people learn.
Urhahne, D. (2020)
Learning Approaches in Teaching
English/Reading
❑Question–Answer Relationship
(QAR) Strategy
❑Text Structure Strategy
❑Metacognitive Approach
 Question–Answer Relationship
(QAR) Strategy
✔ allows learners to determine the
relationship between the question
and the answer
✔ shows learners how to recognize and
then answer questions that may either
be located in the book or in their heads
 Question–Answer Relationship
(QAR) Strategy

Right There
• The answer can be found directly in the text.
• May use the same words in the question as in the text
• Re-read and scan for words
In the
Text
• Look for words that mean the same thing

✔ Sample Question by the teacher:

✔ Can you find the answer
directly stated in the text?
 Question–Answer Relationship
(QAR) Strategy

Think and Search

• The answer can be found in different parts of the text.
• Words in question and answer are often not in the same
In the
sentence.
Text • Re-read and skim for the answer.

 Sample Question by the teacher:

 Can you find the answer in different parts of the text?
 Question–Answer Relationship
(QAR) Strategy

Author and Me
• Only part of the answer is in the text
• Combine what is already known with what the author is saying
In my • Re-read and predict before responding
brain • Find the text that supports personal knowledge

✔ Sample Question by the teacher:

✔ Can you find part of the answer in the text and the rest from
what you already know about the topic or question?
 Question–Answer Relationship
(QAR) Strategy

On my Own
• The answer is not in the text
• Use opinion, background knowledge, or prior experience
• Think about other related text read
In my • Make connections
brain
• Answering the question may not require reading the text

✔ Sample Question by the teacher:

✔ What is your opinion about the topic?
 SOLO-
BASED
LESSON
PLAN WITH
QAR
• Competency:
The learners should be able to:
PISA: Scan a single text in order to retrieve
target information made of a few words, phrases,
or numerical values.
Kto12 : Scan the needed information ( EN10RC-
11d-1.5.2)
TEXT:
DREAMS BY Langston Hughes
Hold fast to dreams
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.

Hold fast to dreams

For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow
 RIGHT THERE/
UNISTRUCTURAL
THINK AND SEARCH/
MULTISTRUCTURAL

AUTHOR AND ME/

RELATIONAL

ON MY OWN/
EXTENDED ABSTRACT
 Text Structure Strategy
✔ originated from studies that revealed
that the content of most texts is
organized using a hierarchical
structure in which a writer organized
the language and information within the
text to serve a specific purpose
 Text Structure Strategy
✔ hierarchical structure of texts fits into
one or a combination of two or more of
five specific text structures: comparison
and contrast, cause and effect,
problem and solution, sequence, and
description
TEXT STRUCTURE