EARLY TWENTIETH​ Prepared by Monaliza Cinto

CENTURY
 OBJECTIVES:

• Identify events that served for physical

education, exercise science, and sport’s
growth.​
• Discuss recent developments in
physical education, exercise science,
and sport.
 EARLY TWENTIETH
CENTURY (1900S-1940S)
Thomas Dennison Wood (1864-1951)​
• Called for the development of a “new” program of physical
education, initially called “Natural Gymnastics”​
• His vision for “new” physical education calls for a program with an
“aim as broad as education itself… The great thought in physical
education is not the education of physical nature, but the
relationship of physical training to complete education , and
then the effort to make the physical contribute its full share to
the life of the individual.
 EARLY TWENTIETH
CENTURY (1900S-1940S)
• Robert Tait McKenzie (1867-1938)​
• Physician, physical educator, and noted artist-sculptor​
• Helped develop physical education programs for individuals
with disabilities​
• Authored many books, including Exercise in Education and
Medicine.
 EARLY TWENTIETH
CENTURY (1900S-1940S)
• Clark Hetherington (1870-1942)​
• 1910 – articulates the four objectives of physical education as
organic (fitness), psychomotor development, character
development, and intellectual development ​
• Credited with inventing the phrase “new physical education”
to describe Wood’s approach​
• Rosalind Cassidy (1895-1980)​
• Advocate of “education through the physical” –
carefully designed programs of physical education
could contribute to the development of the whole person​
• Prolific writer
 EARLY TWENTIETH
CENTURY (1900S-1940S)
• Jesse F. Williams (1886-1966)​
• Advocate of “education through the physical” philosophy of
physical education ​
• Stressed the development of social responsibility and moral
values through physical education and athletics​
• 1927 – Principles of Physical Education.​
• ​
• Jay B. Nash (1886-1965)​
• Physical education should give students the ability to
use their leisure time in a worthy manner​
• Recreational skills for enjoyment throughout the lifespan
 EARLY TWENTIETH
CENTURY (1900S-1940S)
• Charles McCloy (1886-1959)​

• Active in research and measurement,

including anthropometry ​
• Advocated for the “education of the physical” approach to
physical education ​
• School physical education’s unique contribution to the
education of the individual is organic and psychomotor
development​
• Wrote Philosophical Bases for Physical Education
 EARLY TWENTIETH
CENTURY (1900S-1940S)
• Extensive interscholastic programs - controversy over
programs for girls.​
• Growth of intramural programs and emphasis on games and
sports in our programsIncreased concern for the physically
underdeveloped in our society​
• Playground movement​
• Higher standards for teacher training (4 year preparation)​
• NCAA established to monitor collegiate athletics​
 REFERENCE:

• https://studylib.net/doc/9861874/historical-foundations​
• https://slideplayer.com/slide/6845085