EARTHQUAKE’S EPI-

CENTER, FOCUS,
MAGNITUDE, INTEN-
SITY, ACTIVE AND IN-
ACTIVE FAULTS
• MAGNITUDE
- refers to how strong the energy is being
released by an earthquake.
- refers to the energy released and its
shaking the ground at its fo-
cus and measured by a
Richter scale as Magni-
tude 8.
• INTENSITY
- the damages created by an earthquake.
- is the amount of energy of damage as
measured by the Mercalli scale
as Intensity VII, brought
about by the effect of the
earthquake on humans, natu-
ral and man-made structures and
• FOCUS OR HYPOCENTER
- it is the site where the rocks break or
where earthquake started.
• EPICENTER
- it is the point on the earth’s surface
nearest to where the
earthquake originates
and where great damages can
• FAULT
- these are cracks or breaks in the earth’s
surface.
- Active faults create earthquakes once
moved.
- Inactive faults are structures we can
identify but which do not
have earthquakes.
HOW SEISMIC WAVES
PROVIDE INFORMA-
TION ABOUT THE
EARTH?
SEISMIC WAVES
- is a vibration generated by an earthquake, explosion,
or similar energetic source and spread within the
Earth or along its surface.
- Earthquakes generate four principal types of elastic
waves.
- Two known as body waves, travel within the Earth.
- Two known as surface waves, travel along its
surface.
- Seismographs record the amplitude and frequency of
seismic waves.
 2 TYPES OF BODY WAVES:
1. Primary Waves or P-waves or Pressure waves
- They are compression waves. They can propagate
in solid or liquid material and travel faster through
solids.
2. Secondary Waves or S-waves or Shear waves
- They only propagate in solid material.
ACTIVITY 2:
“FAULT
MODEL”
PROCEDURE:
1.Using your fault models, move the two pieces
in different ways.

QUESTIONS:
a.How many movements did you make?
b.Draw the different movements you made using
arrows.
Thanks !