DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

LESSON 2
Components of a Database
Management System
 DATA

The raw material stored in the

database, organized into tables,
rows, and columns.
 DBMS ENGINE

The core component that enables

interaction with the database, including
storing, retrieving, updating, and
deleting data.
 DATABASE SCHEMA

The structure or blueprint of the

database, defining how data is
organized and related.
 QUERY PROCESSOR
Accepts user queries, processes
them, and retrieves the
requested data from the
database.
 DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR (DBA) TOOLS

Tools used by database administrators to

manage and maintain the database, such as
backup and recovery tools, security
management tools, and performance
monitoring tools.
Functions of a Database
Management System
 DATA STORAGE

DBMS stores data in an organized

and efficient manner, allowing for
easy retrieval and manipulation.
 DATA RETRIEVAL

Allows users to retrieve

specific data from the
database using queries.
 DATA MANIPULATION

Enables users to insert,

update, and delete data in the
database.
 DATA SECURITY

Implements security measures to

protect the data from unauthorized
access or modifications.
 DATA INTEGRITY

Ensures that the data stored

in the database is accurate
and consistent.
Advantages of a Database
Management System
 DATA CENTRALIZATION

All data is stored in one

centralized location, making it
easier to manage and access.
 DATA CONSISTENCY
DBMS enforces data integrity
constraints, ensuring that data
remains consistent and
accurate.
 IMPROVED DATA SECURITY
DBMS provides mechanisms
for access control and
authentication, enhancing data
security.
 CONCURRENT ACCESS

Allows multiple users to access

and manipulate the data
simultaneously without
interference.
 DATA RECOVERY

Provides backup and recovery

mechanisms to restore data in case
of system failures or disasters.
 Disadvantages of a
Database Management
System
 COST

Implementing and maintaining a

DBMS can be expensive, including
software licenses, hardware
infrastructure, and personnel costs.
 COMPLEXITY

DBMS systems can be complex to

set up and manage, requiring
skilled personnel for
administration and maintenance.
PERFORMANCE OVERHEAD

DBMS adds overhead to data access

and manipulation, which can impact
performance, especially in high-
volume transaction environments.
 SINGLE POINT OF FAILURE

If the DBMS system fails, it can result

in the unavailability of the entire
database, causing disruptions to
business operations.
 VENDOR LOCK-IN

Organizations may become dependent

on a specific DBMS vendor, making it
difficult to switch to alternative
solutions in the future.