prenatal development

to birth
a. From concept to birth

Prenatal Development
• Defined as the stages in human ipdevelopment from the
conception up to the birth.

• It is divided into three stages: Germinal stage, Embryonic stage,

rand Fetal stage.
3 stages of prenatal
developmentGerminal Stage
• Also called the Pre-embryonic stage, it marks the
beginning of prenatal development.

• It typically encompasses the first 2 weeks (14 days).

3 stages of prenatal
developmentembryonic stage
• It marks several occurrences such as the formation of the
embryo and placenta.

• It encompasses the 3rd to 8th weeks of the embryo.

3 stages of prenatal
development fetal Stage
• The stage where the developing embryo becomes a Fetus.
• It encompasses the 9th week up until the birth (around week
40).
• It is characterized by rapid development of the fetus.
 3 stages of prenatal
development fetal Stage
• When the pregnancy of the female reaches its 9th week, the developing embryo is now
called fetus.
• Development of fetus
• 12th week or 3rdmonth fetus develops as male or female
• 16th week fetus begins to develop his extremities such as finger and toes
• 20th week fetus begins to hear sounds
• Sex is usually revealed by a doctor through ultrasound at the 18 th to 21st week
• 22nd to 26th week fetus reaches the age of viability
• 24th week fetus starts to develop lungs
• The brain grows quickly at the 28th week
• The bones fully develop at week 32 and the muscles at week 36
• Finally around 40th week of the baby, the delivery occurs.
3 stages of prenatal
development
 potential problems in prenatal
development
1.Genetic Problems: Genetic factors can influence prenatal
development, and in some cases, genetic abnormalities or disorders
may arise that affect both the physical and cognitive development of the
fetus.

2. Environmental Factors: Environmental variables can also play a

significant role in prenatal development.
potential problems in prenatal
development
3.Maternal Health Problems: Health problems in the mother, such as
high blood pressure, diabetes, or infections, can impact the prenatal
development of the fetus.

4. Nutritional Deficiencies: Inadequate nutrition during pregnancy,

including deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals, can negatively
impact the development of the fetus.
potential problems in prenatal
development
5. Premature Birth: Babies born prematurely may face developmental
challenges due to incomplete growth and organ development.

6.Physical Factors: Issues such as uterine abnormalities, insufficient

amniotic fuid, or umbilical cord problems can interfere with normal
prenatal development.
c. birth and prenatal environment
 d. protential problem at birth
• Aside from the prenatal development problems, there are also many potential
issues that can occur during labor and birth. This include the following:

• Abnormal presentation, position, or lie of the fetus - when this occurs, the risks of
developing injuries for the baby becomes higher, including a feet first delivery.
Thus, in some instances, cesarean delivery is used.

• Perineal Tears - since the baby squeezes itself in a typically small opening of the
vagina, it can cause perineal tears to the mother.
Surgery may be done to help the mother heal these tears.
 d. protential problem at birth
• Excessive uterine bleeding during birth or postpartum hemorrhage.

• Intraamniotic infection which may cause inflammation of the tissues surrounding

the fetus.

• Shoulder dystocia or when the shoulder of the baby becomes stuck in the pelvis of
the mother.

• Labor may also progress slowly or when the cervix does not dilate enough or in
time.

• Early (before week 37) or late (after week 42) labor may result to health problems
for the baby.
MAG-AANAK KA PA BA?
 References:
https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Early_Childhood_Education/Book%3A_Child_Growth_and_Development_(P
aris_Ricardo_Rymond_and_Johnson)/02%3A_Conception_Heredity_and_Prenatal_Development/2.02%3A_Prenatal_De
velopment
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/waymaker-psychology/chapter/stages-of-development/
https://www.britannica.com/science/prenatal-development
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/7247-fetal-development-stages-of-growth

https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Human_Biology_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/23%3A_Human_Growth
_and_Development/23.3%3A_Embryonic_Stage
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21751-genetic-disorders
https://www.verywellmind.com/problems-with-prenatal-development-2795120
https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/women-s-health-issues/complications-of-labor-and-delivery/introduction-to-complic
ations-of-labor-and-delivery
https://medlineplus.gov/childbirthproblems.html
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/labor-delivery/topicinfo/complications
Thank
you!