Chapter # 3

GEOGRAPHY
Water resources

Ambreen zia
 AGENDA

 Water pollution
 Siltation
 Water, a source of economic
development

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 S U R FA C E WAT E R
POLLUTION

Water pollution occurs when harmful substances—often

chemicals or microorganisms—contaminate a stream, river,
lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading
water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the
environment.

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 P R I N C I P L E FA C TO R S

 Industries discharge their waste water into rivers

so problems are high in Faisalabad, Karachi,
Lahore

 Use of fertilizers and pesticides are polluting the

soil which is washed away to the rivers ultimately
lead to water pollution.

 In Karachi oil seepage from ship is another cause

of water pollution
 S I LTAT I O N

 The deposition of materials brought by the river

to the reservoirs is referred to as “siltation”

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 Siltation

Causes Effects Control

 Abundance of silt eroded from the

Karakoram, Hindukush and
Himalayan mountains.
 Deforestation- ruthless cutting of trees
for fuel and timber.
 Rivers from narrow and deep
 Water, a source of economic development
Water serves a border role in facilitating economic development

a) Agricultural sector is a substantial consumer of water recourses which is main contributor to our economy

b) Livestock rearing depends on water

c) Labor involves in agrarian activities

d) Indispensable to the industries e.g steel, Hep generation, thermal power plant, cotton textile and pharmacuitical companies etc

e) Labors engaged in industries

Q # 1: What is silting? Why there is silting in Pakistan? (causes)
Q # 2: why silting is a problem in Pakistan? (effects)
 THANK YOU

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