Understanding of Local

and International
Geography and Cultures
You are in the Philippines (UTC
+8). It was already 10pm when
you received a call from a
customer in Nevada, USA. How
will you greet him/her? Explain
your answer
TIME
ZONES
Why is it a different hour in each city?
 TIME
ZONES
• One of the consequences of
the Earth´s rotation is the
existence of the hours of the
day.

• The Sun does not strike on the

Earth´s surface in the same
way and at the same time.
Consequently, each part of the
Earth has a different hour in
relation of the illumination of
the Sun.
Why does each part of the Earth has a different hour?
 TIME
•
ZONES
Until the 19th century
each city had a clock
with its own hour.

• Consequently, it was
difficult to organise the
means of transport
among cities and
countries.
 TIME ZONES

International Meridian Conference 1884

The meridian passing through the Observatory of

Greenwich (Prime Meridian of the World)

The universal day for the world

begins at the moment of mean
Was adopted for charting
midnight on the Greenwich
(Longitude) meridian.
(Greenwich Mean Time or GMT)
 TIME ZONES
• In the International Meridian Conference it
was decided to use the Time Zones System.
 TIME
ZONES
• Scientific knowledge of the Earth´s rotation
allows us to divide the solar day into 24 equal
parts, known as hours.
 TIME
ZONES
• We can divide the Earth into 24 imaginary
zones that correspond to an hour of the
Earth´s rotation.

This are called

TIME ZONES and
we can use them
to measure time.
 TIME ZONES
• The time zones are defined by dividing the 360⁰ of
the earthly sphere into the 24 hours of the day. As a
result, each time zone corresponds to 15⁰ of the
Earth´s circumference and is the equivalent of 1 hour.

360 ⁰ / 24 hrs = 15 ⁰

15 ⁰ = 1 hour
 TIME
• The time zonesZONES
are defined by dividing the 360⁰ of
the earthly sphere into the 24 hours of the day. As a
result, each time zone corresponds to 15⁰ of the
Earth´s circumference and is the equivalent of 1 hour.
 TIME
• ZONES
Using the Greenwich Meridian as a reference, a clock is set
forward one hour for each time zone to the east, and set
back one hour for each time zone to the west .
Greenwich Mean Time
(GMT)

International Date Line (IDL)

is an imaginary line on
Earth's surface located at
about 180 degrees east (or
west) of the Greenwich
Meridian
To get the time difference do the following:
● If you are in London at 12:00, and want to know what
time it is in Japan, you would need to first figure out that
London is 0 degrees (right on the prime meridian), and
Japan is 135 degrees East. So the difference is 135
degrees (135-0), divided by 15 which equals 9. Which
means there is a 9-hour difference between London and
Japan. Since Japan is further east than London is, you
would add 9 hours to 12:00. The answer is at 12:00 noon
London time, it is 9:00pm in Japan.
 To get the time difference do the following:

● A customer was calling you about a problem she encountered

on the product she purchased from the company you
represent. The customer is from new york, USA and you are
based here in the philippines. Today is monday and the time
here is 7:00 AM (GMT +8) 120°E, how will you greet your
customer from USA (GMT -4) 60°W? Will you use “good
morning” or “good evening”? What time is in the USA?
LET’S TRY!!!!!

If Earth rotates 15°/hour…

How many degrees will Earth

have rotated after 3 hours?
LET’S TRY!!!!!

If Earth rotates 15°/hour…

How many degrees will

Earth have rotated after 3
hours?
15° x 3 = 45°
• THESE LONGITUDE LINES ARE 15° APART.
• If it is 2pm in time zone A, what time is it in time zone B?

B
A
• THESE LONGITUDE LINES ARE 15° APART.
• If it is 2pm in time zone A, what time is it in time zone B?

B
6 7
A
5
4
2 3

7 pm
• If it is 9pm at location X, what time is it at
location Y?

Y X
• If it is 9pm at location X, what time is it at
location Y?

Y X

4 pm
• If it is 11am at location W, what time is it
at location Z?

Z
• If it is 11am at location W, what time is it
at location Z?

11 am