ROPE COURSE

Lesson Goal

This topic will provide the

participants the proper skills and
techniques of knot tying,
Rappelling, and the importance of
rope course during Internal
Security Operation

Basic Internal Security Operations Course

 Learning Objectives

After this topic the participants will be

able to:
 Identify and know how to tie different
kinds of Knot tying
cont.
 Identify Rappelling equipment
techniques, and perform different
types of rappel
 Demonstrate different types of rope
course
II. Different kind of Knots
Knot-tying
The success of a unit operating
in mountainous terrain depends on
its ability to use a number of skills in
overcoming a great variety of
obstacles
Rope
Intended to provide security for
climber and equipment in operations
involving steep ascents and
descents
Parts of a Rope
Knot
Interlacement of the parts of
one or more flexible bodies, such
as cordage rope, forming a lump.
It is also a tie or fastening
formed with a rope, including
bends, hitches and slices
cont.
Often used as a stopper to prevent
a rope from passing through an
opening
A good knot must be easy to tie,
must hold without slipping and must be
easy to untie
General classifications of knots
a. Knots at the end of rope
b. Knots for joining two ropes
c. Knots for making loops
Knots at the end of the rope
Knots at the end of the rope fall
under the following categories:
a. Over hand knot
b. Figure of eight knot
c. Wall knot
 Knots at the end of the rope

Over hand knot

commonly used and is one of the
simplest of all knots. Used to prevent
the end of the rope from untwisting to
form a knot at the end of the rope and
serve as a part another knot.
cont.

Reduces the strength of the straight

rope by 55 per cent.
Over hand knot
Figure of Eight knot

form a larger knot by overhand

knot. Prevent the end of the rope to
slipping to fastening or loop in
another rope.
Figure of Eight knot
Wall Knot
will prevent the rope from
twisting but to make a neat round
knot crown it.
Wall Knot
Knots for joining two ropes

Knots for joining two ropes fall

under the following categories:
a. Square knots
b. Single sheet bend
c. Double sheet bend
Square knots
to tie two ropes of equal sizes
together so they will not slip.
Square knots
Single Sheet bend
tying a rope to an eye, tying
together two ropes of unequal sizes.
Single Sheet bend
Double Sheet Bend
has greater holding power than
the single shift bend for joining ropes
of equal or unequal diameter and
joining a wet ropes.
Double Sheet Bend
Knots for making ropes

Bowline
one of the common knots and
has a variety of uses, one of which is
the lowering of men and materials.
Bowline
Double Bowline
forms three non-slipping loop,
used to sling a man
Bowline
Running Bowline
Form a strong running loop.
Bowline on bight
use for the same purpose as
boatswain’s chair
French Bowline
used as sling to lift injured man
KNOTS FOR TIGHTENING A ROPE
Butterfly Knot
Tying into the middle of the rope
where the strain will come from both
sides of the knot
Wireman’s Knot
Forms a directional single fixed loop
in the middle of the rope and is used in a
transport tightening system
Prusik
Used to put a moveable knot on
a fixed rope so the knot will lock
down or secure itself to the rope
passing through the knot.
Middle of the rope Prusik knot
Finger Prusik Knot
End of the rope Prusik Knot
HITCHES
Used to form temporary roost in a
rope or to secure a rope around a
timber, pipe or post so that it will hold
temporarily and can be readily
undone.
Half-Hitch
Used to tie a rope to a timber or to
a large rope
Two Half-hitch
especially useful for securing the
running end of a rope to the standing
part.
Half – Hitch
Sheep Shank
Method of shortening a roper but
you can use it to take the load of a
weak spot in the rope
Clove Hitch
Used to fasten a rope to a piece of
timber, pipe or post
Round turn and Two Half-Hitches
can be tied under load
Timber Hitch
To move heavy timber or poles
Timber Hitch and Half-Hitch
one combined to hold heavy timber
or poles when they are being lifted or
dragged
RAPPELLING
To select the proper rappel point,
observe the following
1. Select proper rappel point, close to
edges if possible
2. Test anchor for safety and
retrievability of the rope
cont.
3. Remove loose rock
4. Avoid running the rope over the sharp
edges
5. Ensure that the rope reaches the end
the bottom of good unloading platform
RAPPELLING
TYPES OF RAPPEL
Body Rappel
to perform, the following are the steps:
1. Face anchor; straddle rope. Bring
rope from behind, around one hip
diagonally across the chest opposite
shoulder across the back to the brake
hand
cont.
2. Part legs apart, full sole, back
straight, lean well out an angel to the rock
3. The performer leads with the break
hand pointed downhill and face slightly
sideways
4. Lead with downhill foot
cont.
5. To brake, bring the break hand
across the chest and lean back to face
the cliff, so the feet are horizontal to the
ground
6. Keep the guide hand on the rope
above the performer for Balance.
Hasty Rappel
Used for carrying a light load and
the slope is not as steep.
Hasty Rappel

Used for carrying a light load and

the slope is not as steep.
1. Face sideways to anchor
2. Place rappel rope across the back
cont.
3. The hand nearest the anchor is the
guide hand. The downhill hand is the
brake hand
4. Descend sideways, full soles The
body is almost perpendicular to the
rock
cont.
5. To stop, bring the brake hand in
front of the body and turned facing
the anchor point
Hasty Rappel
Piggy back Rappel
1.Used if you have to carry along a
casualty
2.Done like the sit hip rappel
Piggy back Rappel
Rundown Rappel
Use this when you are going down
a gradual inclined area and you expect
the enemy down below. You need only
one hand to run through this type.
cont.
This allows you to hold on your rifle
and keep it pointed towards the
suspected enemy position
Rundown Rappel
Sit hip Rappel
1. Stand on one side of the rope so
that the square knot faces the
anchor point.
2. Place the double rope on to snap
link.
cont.
3. Full an arm’s length of this slack
between the snap link and the
anchor point.
4. Make a round turn around the solid
shaft of the snap link. Full an arm
length of slack between the snap link
and the anchor point
cont.
5. Make a round turn around the solid
shaft of the snap link. Full an arm
length of slack between the snap
link and the anchor point
cont.
6. With the rappel rope held with the
break hand to the rear in the small
of the back, guide hand on the
rope with arm extended in front of
the snap link.
cont.
7. With legs straight and feet shoulder
width apart, maintain good L shape
body position with the legs parallel
to the ground and back straight.
8. Lower over brake shoulder to
observe the route of descent.
Sit hip Rappel
In a walk-down rappel
the break hand is kept in a small of
the back. Regulate descent by opening
and closing your hand.
In a bounding rappel
the break hand is moved out to the
rear of the body during descent.
 ROPE COURSES
Baby Crawl
Commando Crawl
Monkey Crawl
Two Rope Bridge
Three Rope Bridge
Jump and Punch
Tarzan Swing
Fast Rope
DEMONSTRARION AND INDIVIDUAL
GRADED PHYSICAL EXERCISES

1. Knot tying
2. Rappelling
3. Rope Courses
 SUMMARY EVALUATION/PE

Participants enhance their skills,

capabilities, and confidence in their
individual practical exercises and
know the importance of Rope course
particularly in Internal Security
Operation.
END OF THE PRESENTATION