Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction
• Major concerns
• Signs and symptoms that may indicate
vision problems
• Types of visual conditions
• Refractive Issues
• Visual Efficiency Problems
• Visual Processing Problems
• What is a vision screening?
• Parents role in vision development
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Types of visual
conditions
• Refractive Issues
• Myopia (nearsightedness)
• Hyperopia (farsightedness)
• Astigmatism
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Interactive Demo:
use of trial lenses to induce blur
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Interactive Demo:
Use of trial lenses to induce blur
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Interactive Demo:
Use of trial lenses to induce blur
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Types of visual
conditions
• Visual efficiency problems
• Eye teaming problems
• Eye focusing problems
• Eye tracking problems
• Strabismus
• Amblyopia
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Example, demonstration
Accommodative facility test, clearing plus/minus
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
• Examples, demonstration:
• Form board, circus puzzle
• VMI test/ Winterhaven copy form test
• Parquetry blocks
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Tests of Vision
Visual acuity
Refractive issues
Eye teaming / eye alignment
Eye focusing
Eye movements
Color vision
Eye health
Interactive demo:
Show screening tests (DVA only) and others
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
InfantSEE®
Public health program designed to ensure that eye and
vision care become part of an infant’s wellness
examination.
Participating AOA (American Optometric Association)
member optometrists provide a comprehensive eye and
vision assessment free of charge for infants between 6 and
12 months.
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Selection of toys
Stimulate visual development, hand-eye coordination,
spatial relationships
Perceptual Toys:
Eye-hand (ex: lite-brite, mazes)
Spatial relations (ex: parquetry blocks,
battleship, tic-tac-toe)
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Selection of toys
Visual Memory
Concentration
Directionality
Directional arrows with stepping stones
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Selection of toys
Eye Hand Coordination
Wooden building blocks, mega blocks
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Conclusion
Early detection and treatment are essential to preventing or reducing the
development of vision conditions that have the potential to cause vision loss or affect
visual development
Early detection of visual problems is important in a child’s development
Early care Preventable vision loss
Comprehensive pediatric eye and vision examinations are essential for timely
diagnosis and treatment of eye disease and maintenance of good vision
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Statistics for OD information
• NOT INTENDED FOR PRESENTATION TO COMMUNITY
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Background
Of the three to four million babies born every year in the United States
1 in 20,000 has retinoblastoma (cancer)
1 in 25 will develop strabismus (cross eye)
1 in 30 will develop amblyopia (lazy eye)
1 in 33 will show significant refractive error (prescription)
An estimated one in five preschool children has eye and vision problems and these
problems are reported to occur at an even higher rate in children living in poor urban
environments
One in four school-age children has a vision problem
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Background
Vision disorders are the 4th most common disability in the U.S. and the MOST
prevalent handicapping condition in childhood
Below the age of 6 years, only 14% of children are likely to have had an eye and vision
examination
If left untreated, eye and vision problems can lead to difficulties in development,
education, and potential permanent vision loss
Majority of learning in school is done through reading, especially after 3rd grade
Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Visual development
Basic visual functions develop rapidly during the first year of life. By 6 months of age,
vision has become the dominant sense and forms the basis for later perceptual,
cognitive, and social development
Objective testing (visual evoked response) demonstrates that the visual cortex is
capable of achieving 20/20 visual acuity by 6 months of age
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
Access to Care
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that less than 15 percent of
preschoolers receive an eye examination by an eye care professional and fewer than
22% receive some type of vision screening
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Infant & Children’s Vision Resources supported by
The American Optometric Association and
Optometry Cares – The AOA Foundation
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