BASICS OF USG AND

DIFFERENT PROCEDURE
DONE IN BEDSIDES
OBJECTIVES

• HISTORY OF USG
• COMPONENTS OF USG MACHINES
• PRINCIPLE OF USG
• DIFFERENT MODES
• USG INTERPRETATION
• USES OF USG IN BEDSIDE PROCEDURE
• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
 HISTORY
• Pierre curie discovered the
property of piezoelectricity
• lan Donald used USG for 1st time
for obstetric imaging
• John wild used USG medically for
imaging, ans known as Father of
medical ultra sound
 PRINCIPLES OF USG
The basic principle of USG is PIEZO ELECTRIC effect
It is produced from the piezo electric crystals made up of LEAD ZIRCONATE TITANATE

USG beam reflected from

the patient body
Hits lead zirconate
titanate crystals
crystal
deformation occurs
Production of electric
current in the wire
image displayed in the
USG MACHINE COMPONENTS
• USG machine have -display monitor, computer, controls, probes and gel PROBES
• CONVEX OR CURVILINEAR PROBE
MC used ,frequency is 3.5-5MHZ
LINEAR PROBE
Frequency is 7.5-12MHZ
ENDOLUMINAL PROBE
Frequency is >10MHZ
PENCIL PROBE
Least frequency probe 1-2MHZ
 MODES IN USG
A mode- A stands for amplitude
used in opthalmic ultrasound
B mode-mc method of display
B stands for Brightness
M mode- M stands for motion
it detects any motion occuring, used in echocardiography in cardiac
evaluation
USG INTERPRETATION
Hypoechoic-black or low bright due to less reflection
Isoechoic- grey colour dut to intermediate reflection
Hyperechoic-white or high brightnes due to high reflection
 USES OF ULTRASOUND IN BEDSIDE PROCEDURE
• VASCULAR ACCESS
• central
• arterial
• peripheral
• ASPIRATION
• paracentesis
• thoracocentesis
• pericardiocentesis
• supra pubic aspiration
• joint aspiration
• nerver block
•
THANK YOU