Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
 MANAGEMENT
Management is the art and science of
guidance, leadership, and control of the
efforts of a group of individuals towards
some common goal.

Definition: Management can be defined as

the process of administering and
controlling the affairs of the organization.
 MANAGEMENT

Management is the science and art of

getting people together to accomplish
desired goals and objectives by
coordinating and integrating all
available resources efficiently and
effectively.
 MANAGEMENT
 Management is the attainment of
organizational goals in an effective and
efficient manner through planning,
organizing, staffing, directing and controlling
organizational resources.

 Organizational
resources include men(human
beings), money, machines and materials.
 MANAGEMENT

Management is...

Getting
Getting work
work Efficiency
Efficiency
done
done through
through
others
others Effectiveness
Effectiveness
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT
What is Management?
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

Functions of Management
PLANNING
 ORGANIZING
 STAFFING
 DIRECTING/LEADING
 CONTROLLING
 PLANNING
The process of choosing appropriate goals and
actions to pursue and then determining what
strategies to use, what actions to take, and deciding
what resources are needed to achieve the goals. It
is more simply said, A job well planned is half
done.

Examples: Strategic planning, Organizational

planning, Staffing planning, Promotions planning,
etc.
 ORGANIZING
This process of establishing worker
relationships allows workers to work
together to achieve their organizational
goals.

Examples: Organizing new departments,

Human resources, Office and file systems,
Re-organizing organization, etc.
 ORGANIZING
Process of Organizing
 Determine what is to be done/ Division of
Work
 Assign Tasks: Departmentalization
 Link Departments: Hierarchy Development
 Decide the Levels at which Decisions are to
be made / Centralization vs. Decentralization
 Decide how to Achieve Coordination
 STAFFING
 Recruiting and selecting employees for positions within
the company (within teams and departments).
 Selecting and training individuals for specific job
functions, and charging them with the associated
responsibilities.
 Number of employed personnel in an organization or
program. Also called workforce.
Examples: Staffing planning, Assigning and dividing
tasks, Full-time job, Part-time job.
 DIRECTING/LEADING
This function involves articulating a vision,
energizing employees, inspiring and motivating
people using vision, influence, persuasion, and
effective communication skills.
The management function that energizes people
individually and in cooperation with other
people (Group).
Examples: Establishing, direction (vision,
mission, values and goals).
 CONTROLLING
Evaluate how well you are achieving your goals,
improving performance, taking actions.
Controlling help you establish standards, so you
can measure, compare, and make decisions.
Controlling measures performance and
implements necessary changes.

Examples: Financial controls, Performance

management, Performance appraisal, Measures
to avoid risks etc.
MANAGERIAL SKILLS
 CONCEPTUAL SKILLS
Ability of an individual to analyze complex
situations and to process and interpret
available information.

For e.g. Idea generation and process of

decision making.
 HUMAN SKILLS
An individuals’ ability to cooperate with
other members of the organization and
work effectively in teams.

For e.g. Interpersonal relationships, solving

problem and acceptance of other
employees.
 TECHNICAL SKILLS
A persons’ knowledge and ability to make
effective use of any process or technique.

For e.g. Accountant, nurse, etc.

LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT

Strategic Managers

Tactical Managers

Operational Managers
STRATEGIC MANAGERS

Afirm’s senior
executives with
overall
responsibility.
 TACTICAL MANAGERS

Responsible for
translating the general
goals and plans
developed by strategic
managers into specific
objectives and activities.
OPERATIONAL MANAGERS

Lower-level
managers who
supervise the
operations of the
organization.
 LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT

Strategic CEO
Managers COO
CIO
Tactical
General Mgr
Managers Plant Mgr
Regional Mgr
Operational
Managers Office Manager
Shift Supervisor
Department Manager
Team Leader
 TYPES OF MANAGERS
 TOP MANAGERS- Set organizational goals,
strategies to implement them and make decisions.
 MIDDLE MANAGERS- Heads of various departments
and organize human and other resources.
 FIRST-LINE MANAGERS (Lower Level
Managers)- Often called supervisors stand at the
base of the managerial hierarchy.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF
MANAGEMENT STYLE
 Autocratic: Managers makes all decisions
independently or without consulting with
others. (Unilateral decision)
 Permissive (Democratic): Managers
encourage employee or subordinates
participation in decision-making and
activities. (Autonomy
(A in work activities)
UNIVERSALITY OF MANAGEMENT
What Makes a Good/ Not-so
Good Manager
 WHAT MAKE MANAGERS
SUCCESSFUL?
 Hard work
 Smart work
 Patience
 Humble
 Honest and Trustworthy
 Responsible and Reliable
 Reading and acquiring knowledge
 Ethical consciousness
 Collaborative relationship
 Perseverance
WHAT MAKE MANAGERS
FAILURE?