STRUCTURAL STEEL

Characteristics, Mechanical Behaviour and Importance

INTRODUCTION
 STEEL

• Foundation Material
• Versatile Building Component
• Integral to Construction Process
 TYPES OF STEEL

• Carbon Steel
• Alloy Steel
• Tool Steel
• Stainless Steel
• Galvanised Steel
 CARBON STEEL

• As the carbon content rises, the metal becomes harder and stronger
• But carbon decreases the ductility and make it difficult to weld.
• Three types of carbon steel depending upon the carbon content :
– Mild steel (upto 0.25%)
– Medium carbon steel (0.25 to 0.45%)
– High carbon steel (0.45 to 1.50%)
• Mild steel is most commonly used because of its low relative cost and material
properties that are acceptable for many applications.
 ALLOY STEEL

• Alloy steel is steel alloyed with a variety of elements in amounts of between 1

and 50% by weight to improve its mechanival properties.
• Alloy steels are of two types :
– Low alloy steel
– High alloy steel
• Most commonly used alloy is low alloy steel.
• Alloys have greater strength, hardness, hot hardness, where resistance
hardenability or toughness compared to Carbon Steel.
• Common alloying elements are nickel, manganese, chromium, vanadium,
silicon and boron.
 TOOL STEEL

• Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly
well-suited to be made into tools
• Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion,
their ability to hold a cutting edge, and/or their resistance to deformation at
elevated temperatures.
• Tool steel is generally used in a heat treated state.
 STAINLESS STEEL

• Stainless steel is durable and long lasting.

• It js a type of steel alloy.
• It contains chromium, which provides resistance to rust and corrosion.
• Mainly used in cookware,appliances, surgical instruments.
• Stainless steel is recyclable, easy to clean and maintain.
 GALVANIZED STEEL

• It is the steel which is coated with a layer of zinc to protect it from corrosion.
• This steel is well known for its durability and resistance to rust and corrosion.
• Applications of this steel can be seen in :
– fences
– roofing
– gutters
– outdoor furniture
 STRUCTURAL STEEL
CHARACTERISTICS

• High strength-to-weight ratio.

• High Ductility.
• Versatility in shapes and sizes.
• Fire resistance with proper fireproofing.
• Recyclability and environmental sustainability
• High speed of construction with pre-fabricated components.
• Cost-effectiveness over the long term.
STRESS STRAIN RELATIONSHIP
 IMPORTANCE OF STEEL

• Fundamental material in construction.

• Essential for manufacturing industries .
• Contributes to environmental sustainability through recyclability.
• Enhances safety and resilience in structures.
• Plays a crucial role in global economy.
THANK YOU