Infectious Coryza

INFECTIOUS CORYZA
An acute rapidly spreading respiratory disease of
young and adult birds characterized by :
• Catarrhal inflammation of upper respiratory tract
• Foul smelling discharge from eyes & nostrils
• Conjunctivitis
• Swollen infra orbital sinuses
• Swelling of the face
• Dyspnoea
• Considerable economical losses
 INFECTIOUS CORYZA

ETIOLOGY
• Haemophilus paragallinarum
• Characterstics
• Pleomorphic, Gram –ve rods,
• Non spore forming, Non motile,
• Antigenic serotypes are A, B, C
• Killed within few days outside host
& easily destroyed by disinfectants
Predisposing Factors

 -Chickens & Peacocks are highly susceptible

 -Ages between 8- 20 weeks susceptible
 -Cold weather disease ( autumn & winter)
 -Poor housing, poor ventilation and over
crowding
 -Multiage farms
-Presence of other respiratory infections as
mycoplasma gallisepticum
 INFECTIOUS CORYZA

TRANSMISSION
Between flocks
o Chronically ill & apparently healthy
carrier birds
• Within a flock
o Drinking water contaminated with
infective nasal discharge
o Inhalation of infected dust aerosol
• Vertical transmission is not known to
occur
INFECTIOUS CORYZA
PATHOGENESIS.
 The route of infection is conjunctival or nasal with an
incubation period of 1-3 days followed by rapid onset
of disease in 2-3 days period, with the whole flock
affected within 10 days
 Hemophillus paragalinaum ……>>cilia >>multiply
here and released toxic substances
 Non invasive in nature
 Catarrhal inflammation of the upper respiratory tract,
especially nasal and sinus mucosae
 INFECTIOUS CORYZA
CLINICAL SIGNS
• Rapid onset and high morbidity
  in feed consumption, poor growth
• Sneezing & Mucoid oculonasal discharge.(first typical
symptom)
• Conjunctivitis with some adherence of eyelids
• Facial edema; swelling of face ,combs and infra-orbital
sinuses,
• Drop in egg production of 10-40%
• Coughing, sneezing, rales and gurgling; respiratory noises.
Exudates in the trachea produce raffling (rales).
• Natural course is usually
 10 -12 days in uncomplicated cases
 1- 2 month in complicated cases
Facial edema, watery swollen eyes
Roup/ water eyes
Eyes swollen shut with sticky exudate
Swollen sinuses
Acute catarrhal inflammation of nasal
passages and sinuses
Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis & facial edema
Swollen wattles
Eyes swollen shut with sticky exudate
Eyes swollen shut with sticky
exudate & facial swelling
Eyes swollen shut with sticky
exudate
Lacrimation & conjunctivitis
Sticky nose & swollen eyes
Nasal discharge & swollen area around eye
Facial edema, watery swollen
eyes
A layer with Infectious Coryza,
with eyes swollen shut with
sticky exudate.
Swollen eye in peacock
INFECTIOUS CORYZA
POSTMORTEM LESIONS:
• Catarrhal inflammation of nasal
passages and sinuses
• Conjunctivitis with cheesy exudate in
conjunctival sac, Eye-lid adherence
• Edema of face & comb.
• Petechiae of upper respiratory tract
membrane
• Rarely pneumonia and air-sacculitis
Histopathology

 Respiratory tract undergoes

disintegration and hyperplasia of
mucosal and glandular epithelia and
edema with infiltration of heterophils,
macrophages, and mast cells.
INFECTIOUS CORYZA
DIAGNOSIS
 History (rapid spread) and clinical signs & lesions
 Isolation and identification of organism.
• Sampling
o Dead bird: Swab from the sinus cavity
o Live bird: Mucus forced out from the nostril is
sampled with platinum loop.
• Culture media
o Tiny dew drop colonies of 0.3 mm in diameter
are seen in Blood agar
o Chicken embryo 5–7 day old – inoculation via
yolk sac, embryo is killed within 24 hrs
Satellite phenomenon
INFECTIOUS CORYZA
DIAGNOSIS
 Examination of Gram’s stained smear  Gram –ve rods
 Chicken inoculation test: Inoculation of suspect exudate into
chicken older than 4 wks of age  Appearance of signs in 24-
48 hrs
 Serological tests
• Haemagglutination inhibition .
• Immunodiffusion test
• Latex agglutination test .
• Plate or tube agglutination
• AGPT
 Molecular diagnosis
PCR
 INFECTIOUS CORYZA
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Mycoplasmosis – M. gallisepticum infection is slow to develop
• Infectious laryngotracheitis – Bloody tracheitis, diphtheritic
lesions in mucous membrane
• Fowl pox – Warts like lesions, diphtheritic lesion in pharynx &
larynx
• Infectious bronchitis – kidney lesions, nasal & eye lesions are not
noticed, small misshaped eggs
• Newcastle Disease – Haemorrhages on tip of proventriculus glands
• Avitaminosis A – White pimples down the throat
• Fowl cholera-- Swelling of the face and wattles
• Swollen head syndrome—respiratory signs more severe in coryza,
more swelling of head in SHS, HA test; Haemophilus agglutinates
red cells, Ab of titre haemophilus
Boold cast in trachea
Wrinkled egg
CUTANEOUS FORM
WET FORM
Hemorrhages
White nodules
 INFECTIOUS CORYZA

CONTROL
• Appropriate biosecurity measures
• After cleaning and disinfection of equipment &
houses the premises should be allowed to
remain vacant for 2-3 wk before restocking
• Depopulate carriers, recovered birds remain
carriers and shedders for life
• All in - all out Programme
• Avoid introduction of adult birds in flock
• Use of bacterin or live vaccine (10-12 and 16-18
weeks )
(HADIS-E-NABVI)

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