RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

CARE OF PATIENT WITH

RESPIRATORY PROBLEM

DEEP BREATHING AND

COUGHING EXERCISES
ATELECTASIS
PNEUMONIA
POSTURAL
DRAINAGE
POSITIONS
DEEP BREATHING EXERCISES-DEFINITION

Breathing exercise are a form of exercise that used to help

patient, to improve pulmonary status or function and
endurance, increase effectivity-efficiency and reduce
respiratory work.
DEEP BREATHING EXERCISES-TYPES

1. Diaphragmatic breathing
2. Glossopharyngeal breathing
3. Pursed lip breathing
4. Segmental breathing or costal expansion exercises
DIAPHRAGMATIC
BREATHING
Diaphragm is the primary
muscle for breathing.

Improve respiratory
complication and mobilize
lung secretion.
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL BREATHING
OR FROG BREATHING
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL BREATHING

It increases a patient's inspiratory capacity when there is

severe weakness of inspiratory muscles
The technique is performed by using the muscles of mouth,
lips, cheeks, tongue.
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL BREATHING-PROCEDURE

1. Patient takes air through the mouth [6-10 gulps]

2. Close the mouth
3. Tongue push air back into the pharynx
4. Open the glottis
5. The air enter into the lungs forcefully
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL BREATHING
PURSED LIP BREATHING
PURSED LIP BREATHING

It improve ventilation

It move old air out of the lungs and allow new air to enter
the lungs
Useful in shortage of air and breathlessness
PURSED LIP BREATHING- PROCEDURE

1. Ask the patient to breath slowly and deeply through the nose to
the count of two
2. Then breath out gently through pursed lip to the count of four.
3. It can be done 3-5 times.
PURSED LIP BREATHING
SEGMENTAL BREATHING

Perform on a segment of lung or a section of chest wall needs

increased ventilation or movement.
Performed in post thoracotomy, trauma of chest wall, fibrosis
and pneumonia patients.
SEGMENTAL BREATHING- TYPES

1. Lateral costal expansion

2. Posterior basal expansion
3. Apical expansion
LATERAL COSTAL
EXPANSION

Also called lateral basal expansion

May be done unilaterally or bilaterally
LATERAL COSTAL EXPANSION- PROCEDURE

Place the hands along the lateral aspect of the lower ribs.
Ask the patent to take a deep breath through the nose and hold for 2-
3s.
Ask the patient to breath out and feel the rib cage move downward
and inward.
As the patient breath out, place firm downward pressure into the ribs
with the palm of your hands.
LATERAL COSTAL EXPANSION
POSTERIOR BASAL EXPANSION

It is performed in post surgical patients who is in bed in a semi-

sitting position, for an extended period.
Secretion often accumulate over the posterior segments of lower
lobes.
POSTERIOR BASAL EXPANSION
APICAL EXPANSION
INCENTIVE SPIROMETRY-DEFINITION

Incentive spirometry or sustained maximal inspiration

device, measures the flow of air inhaled through the
mouthpiece.
INCENTIVE
SPIROMETRY-
TYPES
1. FLOW
ORIENTED
SPIROMETER
TYPES
CONTD…
2. VOLUME
ORIENTED
SPIROMETER
 INCENTIVE SPIROMETER - PROCEDURE

1. Place the spirometer in upright position

2. Seal the lip tightly around the mouthpiece
3. Take a slow deep breath to elevate the balls
4. Hold the breath for 2s to 6s to keep the ball elevated.
5. Remove the mouthpiece and exhale normally.
6. Cough after the incentive efforts.
 STUDENT REFERENCES

1. Annamma Jacob, Clinical Nursing Procedure, The Art Of Nursing

Practice, 3rd Edition, Jaypee's Brother's Medical Publisher, 2015,
New Delhi, Page:501-503.
2. Javed Ansari, Nursing Foundation-ii, 2022 Edition, S. Vikas &
Company Medical Publisher, Page :498-507.