RESEARCH WRITING

AGREEMENT OF SUBJECT AND ERB

BRACKETS

SUBMITTED BY : ALI SHIMAL KZAR

SUPERVISED BY : ASST. PROF . HUDA ABD ALI HATTAB
RESEARCH WRITING
3.18 AGREEMENT OF SUBJECT AND VERB

• A verb must agree in number ( i.e., singular and plural ) with its
subject , regardless of intervening phrases that begin with subject
words as together with , including , plus , and as well as.
• COORRECT : the percentage of correct responses as well as the speed of
the responses increases with practice.
• INCORRECT : the percentage of correct responses as well as the speed of
the responses increase with practice.
NOUNS OF FOREIGN ORIGIN

• The plural form of some nouns of foreign origin , particularly those that
ends in the latter a , may appear to be singular and can cause authors to
select a verb that does not agree in number with the noun.
• CORRECT : The data indicate that Terrence was correct.
• CORRECT : The phenomena occur every 100 years.
• INCORRECT : the phenomena occurs every 100 years.
BRACKETS

• Use brackets:
• • to enclose the values that are the limits of a confidence interval
• F 95% CIs [—7.2, 4.3], [9.2, 12.4], and [—1.2, -0.5] I
• • to enclose material inserted in a quotation by some person other than the
original H ! writer.
• "when [his own and others'] behaviors were studied" (Hanisch, 1992, p.
24) F U to enclose parenthetical material that is already within parentheses
(The results for the control group [n = 8] are also presented in Figure 2.)
: DO NOT USE BRACKETS

• • to set off statistics that already include parentheses.

• Correct:
• was statistically significant, F(l, 32) = 4.37, p = .045.

• Incorrect:
• was statistically significant (FR, 32] = 4.37, p = .045).
• Incorrect:
• was statistically significant EF(I, 32) = 4.37, p = .045]
REFERENCE

• American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the

American Psychological Association (7th ed.). American Psychological
Association.