Degree 0f Economic

Integration (Levels of
Economic Integration)
a. Preferential Agreemennt
b. Free Trade Area
c. Custom Union
d. Common Market
e. Economic Union
 a.Preferential Agreement-is
considered to be the first stage to
which lessens traffis and quotas
between member countries who have
signed the agreement.
b.Free Trade Area-is a considered to
be the second stage of economic
integration for which it reduces
barries to trade among member of
countries to zero, but each member
country has its own decision when it
come external rate of trariff to
nonmember countries.
 c.Custom Union- is almost similar to
the free trade area but it differs from
the former econnomic integration as
Custom Union has a common
external rate of tariff to nonmember
countries.
d. Common Market- is second to the
highest degree of economic
integration by which labor and
capital are included in the trade.It is
to integrate both product and factor
markets of member countries.
e. Economic Union- is considered to be
the final step in complete integration
by which member the countries have
common policies that involve common
currency among member nations ,
fiscal and political policies.
 International Financial Institution-
were founded by groups of countries
to promote public and private
investment to foster economic and
social development in developing and
transitioning countries . These
Institutions are the World
Bank ,International Monetary
Fund, World Trade Organization.
 International / Regional
Organizations and Alliances
 Organization for Economic Co-
Operation and Development(OECD)-
is an international organization that
works to build better policies for
better lives . Their goal is to shape
policies that foster properity,
equality, opportunity and welbeing
together for all.
 The Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries(OPEC)- is a permanent intergovermental
Organization, created at the Baghdad Conference on
September 10-14, 1960 by Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia,
and Venenzuela. It was establishedto monitor and
stablize the prize of oil, that is benificial and fair
with stakeholders such as the producer and
customers.
 Association of South East Nations
(ASEAN)- was formed in 1967 by
Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines,
Singapore and Thailand to promote
political and economic cooperation
and regional stability. The Economic,
Political-Security and Socio-Cultural
community are the three pillars of
ASEAN Community.
 Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation
(APEC)- was established in 1989.Currently
the APEC has 21 member over the continents.
APEC Member Economies works together to
sustain economic growth through a
commitment to open trade , investment and
economic reform. The economic growth is
usually accomplished through the reduction
of barriers such as traffis and import quotas.
 European Union- adheres to the economic and
political union where its member countries have a
single currency, Euro. Through its harmonization
of its political and economic policy , the
European Union was able to deliver peace ,
prosperity , and stability for more than 50 years
by which it increases the standards of living of its
people
 North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA)-This organization was formed in
1994 by the Canada, Mexico and America for
the reason of elimination barriers when it
comes to trade and investment. The
agricultural sector, production, and
manifacturing sector, investment and other
services are some of the economic sectors
wherein tariffs are eliminated.
Thank You:)
!!!!!!