PERFORMANCE

CHARACTERISTICS OF IC
ENGINES
GROUP MEMBERS:
NOOR UL HASSAN 18-PWMEC-4605
M ISMAIL 18-PWMEC-4468
M ASHOOR KHAN 18-PWMEC-4606
M WIQAS 18-PWMEC-4607
AHMAD ANSARI 18-PWMEC-4608
Engine Performance Parameters
 Engine performance is an
indication of the degree of success
of the engine performs its assigned
task, i.e. the conversion of the
chemical energy contained in the
fuel into the useful mechanical
work.
 There are several parameters
which are used to determine the
performance of an engine which
are generally known as Engine
Performance Parameters. These
parameters include several
efficiencies, ratios of different
values etc. let us discuss each of
these parameters one by one
Engine Performance Parameters
 Indicated thermal efficiency (η ith)
 Brake thermal efficiency (η bth)
 Mechanical efficiency (η m)
 Volumetric efficiency (η v)
 Relative efficiency or efficiency ratio (η rel)
 Mean effective pressure (mep)
 Mean piston speed
 Specific power output
 Specific fuel consumption (sfc)
 Equivalence ratio
Indicated thermal efficiency (η ith)

 Indicated thermal
efficiency is the ratio of
indicated power (ip) and
energy in fuel per second.

 η ith= ip (KJ/s)/ energy in

fuel per second (KJ/s)

 Indicated power is defined

as the sum of friction
power and brake power
Brake thermal efficiency (η bth)
 Brake thermal
efficiency can be
defined as the ratio of
brake power (bp) to
input fuel energy in
appropriate units.

 η bth= bp (KJ/s)/
energy in fuel per
second (KJ/s)
Mechanical efficiency (η m)
 Mechanical efficiency can be defined as the ratio of
brake power to indicated power

 η m= bp (KJ/s)/ ip (KJ/s)

 Indicated power is defined as the sum of friction

power and brake power
Mechanical efficiency (η m)
 Mechanical efficiency depends on throttle position
as well as engine design and engine speed.
 Typical values for a modern automotive engine at
wide open or full throttle are 90 percent at speeds
below about 30 to 40rev/s (1800to2400rev/min),
decreasing to 75 percent at maximum rated speed.
Mechanical efficiency (η m)
Volumetric efficiency (η v)
 Volumetric efficiency can be defined as the
ratio actual volume of air-fuel mixture sucked
by the engine to the actual volume of cylinder.
 η v = actual volume of air-fuel mixture sucked
by the engine/ actual volume of cylinder.
Volumetric efficiency (η v)
Relative efficiency or efficiency ratio
(η rel)

 Relative efficiency or efficiency ratio can be

defined as the ratio of actual thermal efficiency to
air- standard thermal efficiency.

 η rel= actual thermal efficiency / air- standard

thermal efficiency
Mean effective pressure (mep)
 Mean effective pressure can be defined as the ratio
of area of indicator diagram to length of indicator
diagram.

 Mean effective pressure = area of indicator diagram

/ length of indicator diagram
Mean piston speed
 Mean piston speed is the product of twice of length
of stroke and rotation speed of crankshaft.
 Mean piston speed= 2LN
 L = length of stroke
 N = rotation speed of crankshaft in rpm.
Specific power output
 Specific power output is defined as the power
output per unit piston area.
Specific fuel consumption (sfc)
 Specific fuel consumption (sfc) can be defined
are the fuel consumption per unit time per unit
power produced by the engine.
 sfc = fuel consumption per unit time/ power
produced by the engine.
Specific fuel consumption (sfc) vs Engine Speed
Equivalence ratio.
 Equivalence ratio can be defined as the ratio of
actual fuel-air ratio to the stoichiometric fuel-air
ratio.
 Equivalence ratio = actual fuel-air ratio/
stoichiometric fuel-air ratio