ENGLISH

CLASS
SIR DE LEON
 MAKE CONNECTIONS
BETWEEN TEXTS TO
PARTICULAR SOCIAL
ISSUES, CONCERNS, OR
DISPOSITIONS IN REAL
LIFE
 READING
COMPREHENSION
 READING COMPREHENSION
Reading comprehension is a viable skill to
develop in improving communication. All
other macro skills like writing and speaking
greatly benefit from what you gain in
reading.
 MAKING CONNECTION
You might have not noticed, but your
previous experiences, knowledge,
emotions, and understanding affect
what and how you learn
(Harvey & Goudvis, 2000).
 MAKING
CONNECTION
IN READING
SCHEMA
 SCHEMA
Schema is the background
knowledge and experience
readers bring to the text.
 SCHEMA
Schema theory explains how out
previous experiences, knowledge,
emotions, and understandings
affect what and how we learn.
 (HARVEY & GOUDVIS, 2000)
Good readers draw on prior knowledge and
experience to help them understand what
they are reading and are thus able to use
that knowledge to make connections.
 MAKING
CONNECTION
IN READING
 CONNECTING WITH TEXT
Visualize
Picture yourself in the story and
think about how the setting and
characters look.
 CONNECTING WITH TEXT
Focus on the characters
Compare them to yourself and
people you know. Put yourself in
the story and think about how to
react.
CONNECTING WITH TEXT
Look at problems
How do they compare to
problems you have faced?
 CONNECTING WITH TEXT
Ask yourself questions as you read

Think about how the story relates

to your life, and things that you
know.
 CONNECTING WITH TEXT
When reading nonfiction, think
about ways the information
relates to what you already know.
 CONNECTING WITH TEXT
If you are reading a book, and
don't connect with it, ditch it and
find one where you can make
connections.
 MAKING CONNECTION
You might have not noticed, but your
previous experiences, knowledge,
emotions, and understanding affect
what and how you learn
(Harvey & Goudvis, 2000).
 MAKING CONNECTION
a) make sense of what you read
b) retain the information better;
c) engage more with the text
itself.
Keene and Zimmerman (1997, as cited
in Kardash, 2004) concluded that
students like you comprehend better
when you make different kinds of
connections.
 KINDS OF CONNECTIONS
a.Text-to-self
b.Text-to-text
c.Text-to-world
TEXT TO SELF
 TEXT-TO-SELF
Text-to-self connections are
actually personal connections
that you make between yourself
and the selection you are dealing
with.
 TEXT-TO-SELF
Previous experiences, emotions,
or opinions may be similar to
the ones present in the material
 TEXT TO SELF-QUESTIONS:
• What does this remind me of in
my life?
• How is this similar to my life?
• How is this different from my
life?
 TEXT TO SELF-QUESTIONS:
• Has something like this ever
happened to me?
• How does this relate to my
life?
• What were my feelings when I
read this?
TEXT TO TEXT
 TEXT-TO-TEXT
Text-to-text connections are
connections where you relate one
material to another that you have
read or have already come across.
 TEXT-TO-TEXT
Texts might be from a similar
author, same theme or topic,
same genre, and the like.
 TEXT TO TEXT-QUESTIONS:
• What does this remind me of
in another book I have read?
• How is this text similar to
other things I have read?
 TEXT TO TEXT-QUESTIONS:
• How is this different from
other books I have read?
• Have I read about something
like this before?
TEXT TO WORLD
 TEXT-TO-WORLD
Text-to-world connections are the
larger connections that a reader
brings to a reading situation
including our perception of the
world.
 TEXT-TO-WORLD
Which might vary since we have
various sources of learning things
beyond personal experiences (e.g.
television, radio, magazines,
articles, movies, etc.)
EXCERPT FROM PRESIDENT OBAMA’S
PRESIDENTIAL PROCLAMATION
TEXT TO WORLD-QUESTIONS:
• What does this remind me of
in the real world?
• How is this text similar to
things happening in real
world?
TEXT TO WORLD-QUESTIONS:
• How is this different from
things happening in real
world?
• How does this part relate to
the world around me?