MEDICAL TERMINATION OF

PREGNANCY ACT(MTP) {1971}

SUBMITTED BY –Jagrity kumari

 INDEX
MEDICAL TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY
(MTP ACT) {1971}

 Induction of abortion
 Introduction of MTP Act
 MTP Act:- Aims
 Legal Frame work
 Conditions under which a pregnancy can be terminated under the MTP ACT
 Person qualified to perform MTP
 Place for conducting MTP
 MTP rules
 Regulatory body: DLC
 MTP act amendment 2002
 Induction of abortion

 Deliberate termination of pregnancy before the viability of fetus is called

induction of abortion.
 Abortion can be legal or illegal(criminal).
Up until the MTP act was passed proving abortion remained punishable
under Indian law.
In case of death due to abortion procedure there was punishment of
upto 10 years imprisonment and fine.
 In India, abortion was legalised by medical termination of pregnancy
MTP Act 1971- enforced in 1972
-provisions were revised in 1975
 Introduction of MTP Act

Medical termination of pregnancy act is an act to provide for the

termination of certain pregnancies by registered medical practitioners
and for matters connected there with or incidental.
Onset- 1971
Implementation on- 29 Feb 2020
Passed in Lok Sabha - 17/03/2020
Passed in Rajya sabha-16/03/2021
 MTP Act:AIMS
1) Promotes access to safe abortion services to women.
2) Legalizes abortion services.
3) To improve the maternal health scenario by preventing
large number of unsafe abortions and consequent high
incidence of maternal mortality & morbidity addressing a
public health priority.
4) Offers protection to medical practitioners who otherwise
penalized under the Indian Penal Code (sections 315-316)
5) De- criminalizes the abortion seeker.
 Legal frame work:-
MTP Act
1) lays down when & where pregnancies can be terminated.

2) Grants the central govt. power to make rules and the state govt.
power to frame regulations.

MTP Rules and regulations

lays down who can terminate the pregnancy ,training
requirements, approval process for place etc.
 MTP Act-
The act specifies about →
a. Conditions required for MTP
b. Person qualified to perform MTP
c. Place for performing MTP

When can pregnancies be terminated?

A.Upto 20 weeks of gestation (24 weeks in the newest amendment)
and not beyond that.

B.With the consent of the women

1) If the women is below 18 years or lunatic or mentally retarded
then written consent of the legal guardian must be obtained.
2) Consent of husband is not required.
3) Abortion cannot be performed on request of husband if
the women herself is not willing.

4) With the opinion of medical practitioner:

a) Opinion of single RMP for termination of pregnancy
upto 12 weeks.
b) Opinion of two RMP’s required for termination of
pregnancy between 12 and 20 weeks.
1) The conditions under which a pregnancy can be terminated
under the MTP Act 1971

Therapeutic : These relate to condition where continuance of

pregnancy would involve risk
a) To the life of pregnant woman or
b) Grave injury to her physical or mental health

•It include condition such as:

1) Organic heart disease with failure,active TB and severe
diabetes
2) Hypertension complicated by cardiac or renal failure
3) Nephrotic Syndrome
4) Pulmonary Hypertension
5) Hepatocellular failure, acute hepatitis, acute
pancreatitis
6) Toxemia of pregnancy
7) Hydatidiform mole or acute hydramnios
8) Uterine haemorrhages or infected uterus after attempt
at criminal abortion
9) Malignant neaplasm of breast or female genital tract
10) Repeated caesarians or irreducible prolapse of the
gravid uterus
11) Threatened insanity
Eugenic : These include conditions where there is substantial risk that the child
born, is likely to suffer from such physical or mental abnormalities as to be seriously
handicapped. The conditions include-
1) German measles, smallpox, chicken pox, viral hepatitis, or other serious viral
infections if contracted within the first trimester of pregnancy.

2) Exposure to x-rays and other radiation. The possibility of foetal abnormality needs
to be considered if the pelvis has received over 30 rads, and is almost certain if the
exposure is over 200 rads.

3) When the pregnant woman has received cytotoxic drugs such as

thalidomide.

4) When the parents have some inheritable mental condition or chromosomal

abnormalities.
Humanitarian:- These include those cases where pregnancy has been caused by
rape.

Social :- These relate to conditions where pregnancy in a married woman is the

result of contraceptive failure.
The environment of the pregnant woman, during the continuance of pregnancy
involve risk of injury to her health.

2) Person qualified to perform MTP

A medical practitioner(RMP)
a) who has recognized medical qualification.
b) whose name has been entered in a state medical register and
c) who has such experience or training in gynecology and obstetrics as prescribed by
rules made under the act.
3) Place for conducting MTP

A) Hospital established or maintained by government or a

place approved for the purpose of this act by government.

B) Abortion services are provided in hospital in strict

confidential. The name of the abortion seeker is kept
confidential.
MTP rules:
1) what are they for?
A) Enable proper implementation of the provisions of the act.
B) Ensure that MTP services are provided by qualified persons in safe
and hygienic settings.
C) Help to monitor quality of services.

2) what do they cover?

A) Experience & training required for providers.
B) Approval place for terminating pregnancy under the act.
C) Composition & tenure of district level committee.
D) Consent form.
MTP Act amendment 2002:-
A) Amendment act was passed in 2002.

B) Term lunatic was replaced by mentally ill.

C) MTP place to be approved by district level committee

chaired by CMO/CHO.

D) Defaulters- rigorous punishment for 2-7 years.

THANK YOU