Text and Visual Dimensions

of Information and Media

Text may be defined as a simple and flexible format
of presenting information whether hand-written and
printed .

Text is available in different sources , which may be

categorized into two :
1. Formal - Examples of these are news articles ,
published books , newspapers , magazines ,
advertisements , research works , etc.
2. Informal - Examples of
these are blogs , personal e-
mails , SMS or text messages
, online messengers , social
media platforms , etc .
Text as Visual
( Typeface font , font type , or type ) is the
representation . A typeface is usually composed
of alphabets , numbers , punctuation marks ,
symbols and other special characters .

The table below presents the different types of

fonts , their implications , uses , and
examples.
Design Principles and Elements
The principles in designing text elements are
emphasis , appropriateness , proximity , alignment ,
organization , repetition and contrast .

Observe how these elements are presented in each

text frame.
Visual information and media are materials,
programs, applications and the like that teachers and
students use to formulate new information to aid
learning through the use, analysis, evaluation and
production of visual images.

Types of visual media:

Photography

Mt. Makiling, shot using

phone
camera

Video
A scene from the short film
“Kinamulatan”
Screenshot

Sreenshot from a
typically online class

Infographic

This was created to

promote netiquette in
Mary Help of Christians
College , Laguna
Comic strips /
cartoons
Created by Johnrich Raymundo ,
Ash Nabalona and Alexandra
Ducay for Camp Vicente
Integrated School

Meme
Image: "Memes for NBA" by
randycline5049 is marked with CC
PDM 1.0
Graphs / Chart

Pie graph for DepEd Tayo Camp

Vicente Lim Integrated School FB
Page

Visual note taking

Image: "Visual Notetaking 101"

by jonnygoldstein is licensed
under CC BY 2.0
How can you create a striking visual ? First, you
must consider the visual elements, or the basic units
in the construction of a visual image.
The Design Elements are:
1. Line
2. Shape
3. Value
4. Texture
5. Color
6. Form
1. Line - This describes
a shape or outline. It
can create texture and
can be thick or thin.
Lines may be actual,
implied, vertical,
horizontal , diagonal, or
contour.
2. Shape - A geometric area that stands out from the
space next to or around it , or because of differences in
value , color , or texture. Shape may also be organic .

Three implied geometric shapes
can be found in the picture above:
diamond , octagon and triangle.
Organic shapes , like the eggplant pictured
above , are irregular and asymmetrical in
appearance and tends to have curves , as in
the case of shapes found in nature.
3. Value - The degree of light and dark in a design. It
is the contrast between black and white and all the
tones in between.
4. Texture - The way a surface feels or is perceived to
feel. Texture can be added to attract or repel interest to a
visual element.
5. Color - Determined by its hue (name of color),
intensity (purity of the hue), and value (lightness or
darkness of hue). Color and color combination can
play a large role in the design.
 6. Form - A figure having volume and thickness. An
illusion of a 3-dimensional object can be implied with the
use of light and shading.

Through digital means, shadows are On the other hand, thick pen strokes are
placed in the drawing above in order to used to achieve volume and thickness on
provide a three-dimensional effect. the sketch in this sketch.
Principles in Visual Design

The visual appeal of artworks depends on its adherence to

principles of design. However, there is no strict
commandment in designing.

Let me share with you some of the designing principles.

There are many other styles that can also influence you in
your works.
1.Consistencyofmargins,typeface,typestyle,andcolorsisnece
ssary,especiallyinslidepresentations ordocuments
thataremorethanonepage.
When designing posters, I tend to be
minimalist. I highlight important pointsby
lessening the other accessorialdesigns, like
in the case of this poster for my school,
wherein I used slight geometrical gradient
in. I used only two dominant colors to go
with the white – blue and gold, our
school’s the school colors. I gave variation
in the text byusing only two fonts, Impact
and Arial,and aside from the DepEd logo at
the bottom, I placed only a derivation of
the caring emoji, with the schools logo
replacing the heart.
2. Center of interest – an area that first attracts attention in a
composition. This area is more important when compared to the
other objects or elements in a composition.This can be by contrast
of values,morecolors, and placement in the format.
3. Balance – a feeling
of visual equality in
shape, form, value,
color, etc. Balance can
be symmetrical and
evenly balanced, or
asymmetrical and
unevenly balanced.
4. Harmony – brings
together a composition
with similar units. If for
example your composition
was using wavy lines and
organic shapes, you would
stay with those types of
lines and not put in just
one geometric shape.
4. Contrast – offers some change in value creating a
visual discord in a composition. Contrast shows the
difference between shapes and can be used as a
background to bring objects out and forward in a design.
I love to play on the contrast
provided by light and darkness. It
simplifies my composition and allows
the viewer to focus on the subject of
my shoot, as in the case of this
statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary
taken at night.
5. Directional Movement – a visual flow through the
composition. It can be the suggestion of motion in a
design as you move from object to object by way of
placement and position.
 6. Rhythm – a movement in which some elements
recur regularly. Like a dance, it will have a flow of
objects that will seem to be like the beat of music.

You can find rhythmic patterns everywhere, for a simple cup of cappuccino
prepared by a barista, to a festive street dance.
7. Perspective – created through the arrangement of
objects in two-dimensional space to look like they
appear in real life.
 Types of Shots

Extreme Wide Shot /

Extreme Long Shot
This reveals to the viewer the
world where the story takes
place. Through this shot, the
audience must have a feel of the
time and place of the story –
whether it is morning or evening,
hot or cold, wet or dry, and so on.
 Wide Shot / Long Shot
This shot establishes the
character and how he/she is
related to the scene. The
characters can be seen from
head to toe.

Full Shot
Like the wide shot, the full shot
also shows the character from
head to toe, but this time
around, the character is already
the focus.
 Medium Shot
The character is seen waste
up.

Medium Close-up
This shot rests between the
medium shot and the close-up, with
the subject framed from shoulders
up. Through this shot, more body
language can complement the facial
expressions to show emotions
Close-up
This frames the character’s
face and provides
emotional clues that cannot
be effectively shown with
the medium shot.
 Extreme Close-up
This is a tighter frame
that highlights the facial
features or any subject
more.
Camera Angles and Points of View
Here is a list of shots based on angles and points of
view (Ricart, 2018).

Bird’s-eye view
Is the name given to
the type of shot taken
from an elevated point.
 High angle
Is taken pointing the
camera down on the
subject.
Eye level
Is considered the most
natural camera angle.
Capturing the shot at
eye-level offers a neutral
perception of the
 Low angle
Is taken from below the
subject’s eye line,
pointing upward.

Worm’s-eye view
camera angle looks at an
object or subject from below.
 Over the Shoulder Shot
Also called OTS or third
person shot, this is created
by placing the camera at
the back of one character
while facing the other
character.
Dutch Angle
Also called Dutch tilt, canted
angle, or oblique angle, this shot
is noticeably tilted or tipped.