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Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
6.1
• The main form of energy from the sun is in
the form of electromagnetic radiation
Light energy
Mesophyll Chloroplast
Cell Stoma
Mesophyll Cell of Leaf
Nucleus
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Central Vacuole
Thylakoid Membrane
Thylakoid Space
Granum
• http://www.science.smith.edu/departments
/Biology/Bio231/ltrxn.html
Electron transport chain song
• Play the "
Come On Down (The Electron Transport Chain
)
" song performed by Sam Reid.
Photolysis –photo-chemical splitting of water (restoring
photosystem II)
Chemiosmosis – synthesis of ATP
• Powers ATP synthesis
• Takes place across the thylakoid
membrane
• Uses ETC and ATP synthase
• H+ move down their concentration
gradient forming ATP from ADP
• Concentration of protons is greater in thylakoid
than stroma
Chemiosmosis
SUN
H+ H+ (Proton Pumping)
Thylakoid E
PS II T PS I
C
high H+
H H
+ +
concentration
H+ H+ H+ H+
Thylakoid
H +
ATP Synthase Space
low H+
ADP + P H+ ATP concentration
The Calvin Cycle
6.2
Calvin Cycle -
• Biochemical pathway in photosynthesis that
produces organic compounds using ATP & NADPH
• occurs in stroma
Calvin Cycle
• Carbon Fixation
• C3 plants (80% of plants on earth)
• Occurs in the stroma
• Uses ATP and NADPH from light
reaction as energy
• Uses CO2
• To produce glucose: it takes 6 turns
and uses 18 ATP and 12 NADPH.
Chloroplast
C3 (30C) (6C)
glucose C-C-C-C-C-C
Glucose
Calvin Cycle
Remember: C3 = Calvin Cycle
C3
Glucose
Step 1 -
• CO2 diffuses fr cytosol & combines with RuBP
which splits into pair of PGA
Step 2 -
• PGA gets phosphate gr fr ATP gets proton fr
NADPH to become PGAL
Vacuole
C-C-C-C C-C-C-C C-C-C-C
CO2 Malate Malate
Malate
CO2
C3
C-C-C
PEP
ATP C-C-C glucose
Pyruvic acid
Rate of photosynthesis is effected by -
light intensity, CO2 or temperature