PREPARING FOR

THE
MOTHERHOOD
36. IMPORTANCE OF HEALTH CARE DURING
PREGNANCY

WHAT IS
TERATOGEN?
A teratogen is a substance that interferes with normal fetal
development and causes congenital disabilities. Drugs,
alcohol, chemicals and toxic substances are examples of
teratogens. Teratogens can also increase the risk for
miscarriage, preterm labor or stillbirth.
 37. PRENATAL CARE
Women who suspect they may be
pregnant should schedule a visit to their
health care provider to begin prenatal
care. Prenatal visits to a health care
provider usually include a physical
exam, weight checks, and providing a
urine sample. Depending on the stage of
the pregnancy, health care providers
may also do blood tests and imaging
tests, such as ultrasound exams. These
visits also include discussions about the
mother's health, the fetus's health, and
any questions about the pregnancy.
 Pre-Pregnancy and prenatal care can help prevent complications and inform women about
important steps they can take to protect their infant and ensure a healthy pregnancy. With
regular prenatal care women can:

Reduce the risk of pregnancy complications. Following

a healthy, safe diet; getting regular exercise as advised
by a health care provider; and avoiding exposure to
potentially harmful substances such as lead and
radiation can help reduce the risk for problems during
pregnancy and promote fetal health and
development.
Help ensure the medications women take are safe.
Women should not take certain medications,
including some acne treatments11 and dietary and
herbal supplements,12 during pregnancy because
they can harm the fetus.
 37. PRENATAL CARE
Reduce the fetus's and infant's risk for complications. Tobacco
smoke and alcohol use during pregnancy have been shown to
increase the risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.

Controlling existing conditions, such as high blood pressure

and diabetes, is important to prevent serious complications
and their effects.

Reduce the fetus's and infant's risk for complications.

Tobacco smoke and alcohol use during pregnancy have been
shown to increase the risk for Sudden Infant Death
Syndrome.

Most prenatal vitamins contain the recommended 400

micrograms of folic acid as well as other vitamins that
pregnant women and their developing fetus need.
 38. CARE AND TREATMENT OF THE NEW BORN
BABY
Why is new born care
important?
It improves the health and well-being of
infants born preterm or low birth weight,
promotes better bonding between mother
and child, facilitates exclusive breastfeeding,
which strengthens the baby's immune
system, and. provides effective thermal
control, reducing the risk of hypothermia
 Preparing a newborn bath
Place all the bath items you
need within reach – towels,
mild baby cleanser,
washcloth, cotton wool,
clean nappy and clean
clothes. Have an unfolded
towel ready to dry your
baby. Make sure the room
is a comfortable
temperature.
Moisten a cotton wool
Fill the bath with just ball or soft washcloth
enough warm water to with warm water. Gently
wash your baby. Test the clean your baby’s
water with a bath eyelids, wiping from
thermometer, your wrist inner eye to outer eye.
or your elbow. The water Use a new piece of cotton
should be 37-38°C and wool or a clean part of
feel warm, not hot the cloth for each wipe.
 Bathing a newborn

Once or twice a week wash

Once the bath is ready, your baby’s hair. Gently
Use a soft washcloth for the
undress your baby. Cradle splash water onto their
following steps. 1. Gently
your baby’s head and head. You need shampoo
clean your baby’s face. 2.
shoulders with one hand only when your baby is
Clean your baby’s neck and
and support their body with older, has more hair, is
body. 3. Clean your baby’s
the other. Gently lower your more active or has oily-
genitals and bottom last.
baby into the bath. looking hair.
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