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SPECTRA (3000)
WAVELENGTH (mm)
2.5 4 5 5.5 6.1 6.5 15.4
FREQUENCY (cm-1)
IR
O-H 3600
N-H 3400
HYDROCARBONS C-H 3000
(C-H ABSORPTIONS)
ALCOHOLS C=N
= 2250
C=C
= 2150
ACIDS
(O-H ABSORPTIONS) C=O 1715
AMINES C=C 1650
STRECHING C-H
IR STRETCHING C-H
WAVELENGTH (m)
C-H
2.5 4 5 5.5 6.1 6.5 15.4
=
=C-H =C-H -C-H -CH=O
(weak)
sp-1s sp2-1s sp3-1s aldehyde
in-phase
H H H
C C
Symmetric Stretch
H ~2853 cm-1 H
out-of-phase H H H
C Asymmetric Stretch
C
~2926 cm-1
H H
Any time you have two or more of the same kind of bond sharing
a central atom you will have symmetric and asymmetric modes.
IR VIBRASI STRETCHING GUGUS METILEN
out-of-phase H
H Asymmetric Stretch
C
~2962 cm-1
H
IR HEKSAN
CH bending vibrations
discussed shortly
CH includes
stretching CH3 sym and asym
vibrations CH2 sym and asym
CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
IR
BENDING C-H
IR DAERAH BENDING C-H
H ~1465 cm-1
H H H ~1250 cm-1
C C C
H H
Rocking Twisting
in-plane out-of-plane
Bending
Vibrations
IR VIBRASI BENDING METILEN DAN METIL
CH2 CH3
Bending C-H, muncul
dekat 1465 and 1375 cm-1
asym sym
CH 3
geminal dimethyl 1380 1370 C
CH 3
two peaks
(isopropyl)
CH2
rocking
CH3 > 4C
CH2 bend
bend
CH
stretch
=CH
C=C CH2
CH3
bend
CH CH oops
CH2 CH CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
IR Toluena
Ar-H CH3
CH3 C=C
benzene
Ar-H oops
IR 1-HEKSUNA
=
C=C
CH2, CH3
STRETCH O-H
IR STRECH O-H
broadens
shifts
FREE H-BONDED
3600 3300
IR Efek Ikatan Hidrogen PAda Streching O-H
Free
OH
Free C-H
OH
H-bonded H-bonded
OH C-H OH C-H
4000 3600 3200 2800 4000 3600 3200 2800 4000 3600 3200 2800
(a) Pure Liquid (b) Dilute Solution (c) Very Dilute Solution
“neat”
1-Butanol
IR Hidroksil dengan Ikatan Hidrogen
R O O
R O “Neat” solution.
H R
H
O Ikatan yang lebih panjang
R H adalah lebih lemah dan
mengarah pada frekuensi
yang lebih lemah
O-H OH CH2
H-bond
C-O
C-H
IR Asam Butanoat
neat solution
O-H
H-bond
C-O
CH2 O
O H O
C R
R C
O H O
STRETCH N-H
IR STRECH N-H
NH2
scissor CH3
CH2
NH2
-CH3
Ar-H NH2
NH2
benzene
CH3 Ar-H
oops
IR N -Etilbenzenamin
SECONDARY AMINE
NH
NH CH2 CH3
CH3
Ar-H
benzene
oops
IR N,N -Dimetilanilin
TERTIARY AMINE
Ar-H
-CH3
CH3
no N-H
N
CH3
CH3
benzene Ar-H
oops