2077/11/04

amoebiasis

PRESENTED BY:

Ashish katel
Krishna Bist
Sailesh Rajbhandari
Sandeep Subedi
 HISTORY
Amoebiasis was first described by Fedor A. Lösch in 1875, in
Northern Russia.

The most dramatic incident in the US was the Chicago World’s

Fair outbreak in 1933, caused by contaminated drinking water.
There were more than a thousand cases, with 98 deaths .

It was first formally recognized by the WHO in 1997 .

 INTRODUCTION
Amoebiasis is also known as Amoebic Dysentery, which is an
infection caused by any of the amoebae of Entomoeba group.

Causative Agent : Entomoeba Histolytica

- It may remain asymptomatically in the intestine or extra intestine of human.

- It causes tissue damage by direct host cell death, inflammation.

Lifecycle :

Entamoeba Histolytica exists in two forms : Tropozoites

and Cyst. Tropozoites muntiply and encyst in the colon.
The cysts are expelled into stolls. Ingested cyst released
tropozoites which colonize the large intestine. Some may
enter a vein and reach liver and other organs.
 Cyst and Tropozoites
in feces

Muntiplies in
colon
Tropozoites Mature cyst ingested
from mouth

Excystation in small
intestine
1 cyst = 8 tropozoites

Fig: Life cycle of Entomoeba Histolytica

 :Faeco – oral route
Mode of transmission :By drinking contaminated water

Incubation Period : 2-4 weeks(may ranges from few

days to years)
 Clinical Features :
1 Intestinal amoebiasis
 Abdominal pain.
 Periods of diarrhea alternating with constipation are common.
 Mucus is usually passed, sometimes with streaks of blood,
and the stools often have offensive odour.

2 Hepatic amoebiasis
 The amoebic abscess is usually found in the right lobe of
liver. There is malaise, fever, sweating, hepatomegaly, cough
etc.
 Investigation :
 Ultrasonography (USG)
 Stool sampling
 Biopsy of colon

Note : In Hepatic Amoebiasis we also test,

Radiography
Computed tomography (CT scan)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Pathology :
Ingestion of cyst

Excystation in small intestine

Muntiplication and colonization in large

intestine

Intestinal lesions
 Managaement
Anti amoebic Drugs used are:

Metronidazole :
 For Intestinal Amoebiasis : 400mg 3 times
a day for 5 days.
 For Extraintestinal Amoebiasis : 800mg 3
times a day for 5 days.

Tinidazole : 250 mg once a day for 3 days.

Prevention

Provision of a safe water supply.

Sanitary disposal of faeces.

Health education.

Protection measures against housefly and other Insects.

ANY
QUESTIONS ?
THANK
YOU