01-1 Cranes Basics Engineering JAN2020

BASICS CRANES
AUGUST 2021
BASICS CRANES
ENGINEERING
Welcome!
BASICS CRANES
General safety instructions

•Please note the emergency exits in this building are located
using the stairs
•The emergency meeting point is located on the parking lot
•In case of an emergency follow instructions from BHV

team
•Emergency number is 700

BASICS CRANES
•
11 Ask questions Finally…
Finally… Let’s
Let’s enjoy
enjoy
the
the coming
coming days!
days!
•
22 Participate
•
33
Be frank and share your feedback
•
44
Keep discussions focused and relevant to the topic
•
55
Please put you mobile phone on silent
BASICS CRANES – SAFETY - Mammoet Minds
GOAL = ZERO INCIDENTS
Take care about yourself and others, carefully think about your work,
keep looking around and stay focused on what you are doing!
BASICS CRANES - SAFETY
BASICS CRANES
BASICS CRANES
Cranes still have:
BOOM
SYSTEM TO KEEP BOOM IN POSITION
LIFTING CABLE
BASICS CRANES
What is a crane
What is a telescopic crane
What can you do with it
How much can you lift
Reading a chart
What is the load on the ground
What is a lattice boom crane
What can you do with it
How much can it lift
What is the load on the ground
How assembled
What is the effect of wind

BASICS CRANES - WHAT IS A TELESCOPIC CRANE?
A telescopic crane is a truck mounted lifter for heavy items, equipped with
an extendable boom.
BASICS CRANES - WHAT IS A TELESCOPIC CRANE?
Truck Crane City Crane

Franna
All Terrain
Boom Truck
Rough Terrain
Truck Mounted Crane
BASICS CRANES - TELESCOPIC CRANE
Can be easily mobilized on
++ short notice
Requiring limited operators

++ to set up
BASICS CRANES - Example project: Recovery of railcars
BASICS CRANES - WHAT CAN TELESCOPIC CRANES DO?
• Lift/lower
• Boom up/down
• Slew
MGCRANE
MGCRANE
BASICS CRANES - WHAT CAN TELESCOPIC CRANES DO?
• Extend boom
o Special charts apply for extending boom with suspended load
R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Mobile Crane - Components 010.mp4

D:\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Mobile Crane - Components 010.mp4
BASICS CRANES
Telescopic boom
•Several sections
•After telescoping - sections locked
BASICS CRANES - TELESCOPIC CRANES – MAIN PARTS
• Wire
• Hook
• Winch o To attach load
CWT • Outrigger
• extended
Boom
Wire Winch
Hook block
CWT
Outriggers
Truck
D:\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Mobile Crane - Components 006.mp4

R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Mobile Crane - Components 006.mp4
BASICS CRANES - TELESCOPIC CRANES – EXTRA EQUIPMENT
• Standard configuration
“large’’ cranes require extra transport
to reduce wheel loadings
How much do these cranes weigh maximum (Europe)???

BASICS CRANES - TELESCOPIC CRANES – EXTRA EQUIPMENT
• Extra equipment on trailer
Container with rigging gear
Hook blocks
Ballast blocks
Crane mats
• Outriggers
o To increase stability Bigger load
spreading area
under the
outrigger
Above: Outriggers
retracted for transport
Extended outrigger
cylinder
BASICS CRANES - REEVING
With single wire lift more…….
1F 2F 3F 4F
BASICS CRANES - CAPACITY CHART
H
NGT
LE
RADIUS OM
O
Horizontal distance from “center” AINB
M
crane to hook.
MGCRANE
RADIUS 14000
The chart tells the capacity versus a certain radius.
When enlarging this radius the capacity will drop
BASICS CRANES - HOW MUCH CAN THEY LIFT?
• Charts – Lifting capacities are
based on H
o Strength NGT
o Stability LE
M
BOO
• Lifting capacity depends on MA
IN
o Radius
o Boom configuration
o Boom length
o Counterweight ballast MGCRANE
o Outrigger base RADIUS 14000
o Wind speed
Counterweight ballast
This chart shows lifting capacities
H
NGT
LE
M
BOO
IN
MA
MGCRANE
Crane can lift 13.5 ton RADIUS 14000

At radius 14m (46’)
And boom length 27.2 m (89’) How much can you lift with 27.2m boom and 14m radius?
Crane charts:
Find the chart for GMK4080-1

-9.3t ballast
-31m boom
-14m radius Trainer:
-Make shortcut on desktop to MGAutoCRANE.exe
-40tons hook block -Open this program
-Send message for software key
-Lifting 4ton -Open the library
-Type GMK4080-1 in Quick filter box
-Select this crane
-Select ballast & boom
BASICS CRANES - WEIGHTS
Truck mounted cranes have limited permissible axle loadings
-Depend on country/region
-Europe: max: 12t/axle

Weight
Weight of
of crane
crane
Weight
Weight of
of Load
Load in
in the
the
hook
hook
Ballast
Ballast
Total
Total of
of all
all weights
weights isis
supported
supported by the
by the ground!
ground!
mass_load
mass_load
Determine
Determine extra
extra
Counterweight
Counterweight
mass_crane
mass_crane == amount
amount ofof axles
axles xx
12
12 ton
ton
(12
(12 ton is permissible axle
ton is permissible axle load)
load)
Total
Total mass
mass == mass_crane
mass_crane
++ mass_extraCWT
mass_extraCWT ++
mass_load
mass_load
MGAutoCRANE – GMK4080-1 (standard 9.3t ballast) (lift 4t)

BASICS CRANES Lattice
Lattice boom
boom cranes
cranes
The
The loading
loading of
of the
the
boom
boom is always in
is always in
compression
compression
The
The boom
boom isis assembled
assembled on
on
site
site requiring
requiring manpower
manpower
BASICS CRANES - WHAT IS A CRAWLER CRANE?
• A crawler crane is a lifter mounted on an

undercarriage with a set of tracks (also called
crawlers) that provide stability and mobility
• Benefits
o Larger capacity then telescopic boom cranes
o Can crawl with suspended load
o Can crawl fully rigged to other work area
• Disadvantages
o Longer assembly time
o Extra assisting crane required to assemble
o Needs de-rigging/assembly when going to another jobsite
BASICS CRANES - WHAT CAN CRAWLER CRANES DO?
Lift/lower
Luffing
Luffing
Boom
Boomup
up//down
down
Hoisting
Hoisting
Slew
Slew
Crawling
Crawling Crawling or Spragging
• Boom up/down
• Travel !!
• Slew
BASICS CRANES - CRAWLER CRANE
++ Ability to travel with load

BASICS CRANES - LIFTING OF REACTOR VESSEL
BASICS CRANES - CRAWLER CRANES – MAIN PARTS
winch
CWT
crawler
carbody
D:\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Crawler Crane - Components 006.mp4

R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Crawler Crane - Components 006.mp4
• Boom
Wire
• A-frame
• Winch
Hook block
• CWT Ballast
• Crawlers
D:\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Crawler Crane - Components 006.mp4

R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Crawler Crane - Components 006.mp4
• A-frame Erected Boom
o To erect boom
o Self assembly
Guy wires
A-frame
Boom in assembled position

• Counterweight Ballast
o To increase capacity
o To avoid tipping
BASICS CRANES - CRANE BOOM CONFIGURATIONS
Main Boom Jib (Fly) Super-lift
BASICS CRANES - CC – HOW MUCH CAN THEY LIFT?
• Charts – Lifting capacities are based on

o Strength
o Stability
• Lifting capacity depends on
2m
o Radius
HT 4
ENG
o Boom configuration
ML
o Boom length
BOO
o Counterweight ballast
o Crawler base
o Wind speed
CWT
RADIUS 18m
BASICS CRANES - CC – HOW MUCH CAN THEY LIFT?
This chart shows lifting capacities
2m
HT 4
ENG
ML
BOO
Crane can lift 87 ton
At radius 18m (59’)
And boom length 42 m (138’) RADIUS 18m
How much can you lift with 42m boom and 18m radius?
BASICS CRANES
• Weights
m
T 42
NGH
M LE
BOO
• Hoist wire??
• Auxiliary???
Weight of hoist wires is deducted

from capacities !!
Auxiliaries are : runner/side-mounted
folding jib
RADIUS 18m
BASICS CRANES - CRAWLER CRANES - ASSEMBLY
• Assembly steps
o Transport carbody in position
o Support carbody on its outriggers
• Assembly steps
o Lift crawlers and connect to carbody
o Mobilize & Lift boom sections
S:\Engineering\003 TRAINING\Mammoet Training\Liebherr - Self assembly system for the LR 1250 crawler crane.mp4
D:\Mammoet Training\Liebherr - Self assembly system for the LR 1250 crawler crane.mp4
S:\Engineering\003 TRAINING\Mammoet Training\assembly crawler.avi
D:\Mammoet Training\assembly crawler.avi
• Assembly
BASICS CRANES - LR 1750-2
BASICS CRANES - LR 1750-2 : BOOM DIFFERENT CONFIGS
Configuration examples
Let’s
Let’s go
go with
with this
this
configuration
configuration
SWSL
S2DB
HS
BASICS CRANES - LR 1750-2
BASICS CRANES - CRANE CONFIGURATION
BASICS CRANES - LR 1750-2 -> IS THIS POSSIBLE?
Pick
Pickup
up&&lift
liftonto
onto
foundation
foundation
rr==16m.
16m. (52ft)
(52ft)
rr==16m.
16m.(52ft)
(52ft)
Block
Block10m
10mlong
long&&8m
8mhigh
high M = 100t 12m
12mlong
long10m
10mhigh
high
BASICS CRANES - MGAutoCrane
BASICS CRANES - MINIMUM DISTANCE HOOK BLOCK
Load
Load
BASICS CRANES - MINIMUM (BOOM) CLEARANCE
Load
Load
This
This can
can bebe aa big
big constraint
constraint
and
and cause
cause much
much larger
larger cranes
cranes
to
to be
be used
used
D:\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Boom Clearance\Crane - Boom Clearance 007.mp4

R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Boom Clearance\Crane - Boom Clearance 007.mp4
BASICS CRANES - MINIMUM DISTANCES
Min.
BLOCK TO
BLOCK
.
DISTANCE
B
CLE OOM
ARA
>1.0 NCE .
m
• Deflection boom
•
Total hook height

Wind effect
• Moving load
.
.
R8000
.
1000
BASICS CRANES - TAIL SLEW • Check
o CWT
o A-frame
o Superlift Ballast
o Guy-frame
BASICS CRANES - EXERCISE
• We need to load a transformer onto a trailer?
• Determine crane……
Oh you need to know how heavy…. Ok 95 ton
Ok. 2.8m wide, 6m long and 3.5m high. Trailer is 3m wide and 1.2m high
Furthermore lift it from the ground up…. Then trailer drives under and unload on trailer
Tip: use crane with 2x weight as SWL Max
How high are loadings on the soil?

• On a round tower of 30m high with diameter of 10m, we need to lift a section of dia10m and 3.
• This section weighs 30ton, including 4 slings of 10m
• Hook block weighs ~ 1ton
• Find a telescopic crane to lift

• What are the loadings on the ground when lifting and slewing?
• What are ground loadings when not lifting (during slewing)?
• Make a lift plan with plan view and side view
• Add chart in drawing with ground loadings
BASICS CRANES – RIGGING GEAR
BASICS CRANES - RIGGING GEAR
• ALL EQUIPMENT BETWEEN HOOK AND LOAD

BASICS CRANES - RIGGING
~30kg !
Shackles:
a shackle shall have the pins secured when

there is a potential to turn
Therefore advised not to use screw pins

• SOME LIFT POINTS CAN ONLY BE LOADED VERTICAL
o  EXTRA RIGGING GEAR REQUIRED  MORE COSTS
LIFTING BEAM REQUIRED TO KEEP

SLINGS VERTICAL
 NEEDS TO BE MOBILISED
• Spreader beam
BASICS CRANES - SPREADER BEAMS
Inner
45° 50° 55° 60° 65° 70°
angle
0.42 x 0.31 x 0.23 x 0.16 x 0.07 x 0.04 x
Ft=
Fb Fb Fb Fb Fb Fb
BASICS CRANES - LIFTING BEAMS
Inner
45° 50° 55° 60° 65° 70°
angle
1.42 x 1.31 x 1.23 x 1.16 x 1.07 x 1.04 x
Ft=
Fb Fb Fb Fb Fb Fb
D:\Animations\Equipment\Spreaderbeams and Liftingbeams\Spreaderbeams and Liftingbeams 005.1mp4

R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Equipment\Spreaderbeams and Liftingbeams\Spreaderbeams and Liftingbeams 005.mp4
BASICS CRANES - SAFETY FACTORS
• The safety factor on Slings, Grommets and Shackle is ~5

• Soft slings ~7
Exercise 1:
In folder S:\Engineering\003 TRAINING\Mammoet Training\01 Lifting Assessments you find Assesment01
-Make lift plan in AutoCAD

- Complete drawing head
- Dimension crane from fixed reference point
Exercise 2:
In folder S:\Engineering\003 TRAINING\Mammoet Training\01 Lifting Assessments you find Assesment02
-Make lift plan in AutoCAD

- Complete drawing head
- Dimension crane from fixed reference point
BASICS CRANES – LIFTPOINTS - LIFTEYE
• Mammoet lift beams & spreaders are designed with top-sling angle of 60 degrees
o Bigger angle  check capacity
• When using a lifting- or spreader beam, ensure that the beam is horizontally leveled.
• Using a beam while it is suspended under an angle will result in increased compression forces in the beam,
which combines with the occurring lifting forces may result in failure of the beam
• In lifting lugs, use a shackle with a matching pin size, when the pin size is much smaller then hole diameter of
the lug the stresses on the lug edge may exceed material limits
BASICS CRANES – LIFTPOINTS - LIFTEYE
• Check if shackle fits !!
• Find and study best practice pin/hole tolerances

BASICS CRANES – TRUNNIONS
Trunnion
- Tube welded to the shell

- End-plate to avoid the wire slipping off
BASICS CRANES – LIFTPOINTS - CONTAINERLIFT
• Lifting container
Tower 40m high, Base 10x10m with open roof - Tower 131¼’ high, Base 32.8’x 32.8’ with open roof
Box 8x8x12m (LxBxH) – Box 26¼’ x 26¼’ x 39.4’ (LxBxH)
weighs 30ton (including slings of 8m) weighs 66.1 Kips includings slings of 26¼’
Box needs to be lifted onto Tower Box needs to be lifted onto Tower
Client: Fabricom Fabricom

Project: Shell Per+ Shell Per+
Find a crane to do it….. Remember we want to do this really

bad…
A reactor (vertical) needs to be erected,

weighing 400 ton, with a diameter of
6m.
The reactor is about 60m high.
•Find a crane….
Building 12m high Building 40’ high
Lift Airco (800kg) on top. Lifting Airco unit (1764 lbs) on top
Airco needs to be lifted 12m from edge of building Airco needs to be lifted 40’ from the edge
Airco unit = 2X2x2m Airco unit = 6.5’ x 6.5’ x 6.5’
Client Hurks Hurks

Project Ziekenhuis Rotterdam Hospital Rotterdam
Which crane can do this…….. We want to make a good price.

BASICS CRANES
CRANES ADVANCED
CRANES ADVANCED - ASSEMBLY OTHER BOOM
Example of different configurations of a Liebherr LR 11350 ‘Maximum

‘Maximum reach’
reach’
‘High
‘High strength’
strength’
• Fly jib = Luffing Jib
o For long reach
o For high reach
o All sections separately mobilized

o Assisting crane required
o Extra (dis)assembly time
Luffing
Jib
MGCRANE
Superlift
o + To increase capacity
o - Extra mobilizing/assembly costs
o - Extra space required for assembly and tailswing
Derrick
Backmast
Superlift
Superlift ballast
ballast
On carrier
CRANES ADVANCED - SUPERLIFT TYPES
super lift tray
• D:\Animations\Equipment\Superlift Tray - LR1750\LR1750 - Superlift 008.mp4

• R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Equipment\Superlift Tray - LR1750\LR1750 - Superlift 008.mp4
super lift car
R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Equipment\Superlift Carrier - CC8800-1\CC8800-1 Superlift Carrier 001.mp4

D:\Animations\Equipment\Superlift Carrier - CC8800-1\CC8800-1 Superlift Carrier 001.mp4
• Suspended counter weight tray
• Wheeled counter weight carrier
• Fixed SL radius
• Various SL radius
CRANES ADVANCED - SUPER LIFT CHARTS
• Interpolation is allowed on Super lift charts.
For Liebherr cranes we use LICCON

CRANES ADVANCED - SUPER LIFT CHARTS
• Interpolation is allowed on Super lift charts.
Terex-Demag
CRANES ADVANCED - CENTRAL BALLAST
• For more stability and to increase capacity
CRANES ADVANCED - EXTRA EQUIPMENT
• Supporting mats
o Wooden mats
o Steel mats
CRANES ADVANCED - RUNNER
• Runner
o Fast hoist for
‒ Scaffolding
Runner
‒ Concrete
‒ Pallets stones
‒ Steel components
‒ Rigging
CRANES ADVANCED - CRANE CAPACITIES
• Crane capacity (crane charts) are limited by 2 factors:
– Stability: Crane tips over
– Strength: Crane collapses
CRANES ADVANCED - CAPACITY ON TIPPING:
CRANES ADVANCED - CAPACITY ON TIPPING
CRANES ADVANCED - CAPACITY ON TIPPING
Chart value < 75%/85% of F

CRANES ADVANCED - CAPACITY ON STRENGTH
Capacities are also limited by strength. The weakest point defines the strength.
CRANES ADVANCED - STABILITY & STRENGTH
• Stability and strength checks result in lifting chart
• Chart includes
o Structural safety & Stability
o Certain permissible wind speed and wind-area
o Certain permissible plane angle for crane
Top row are boom lengths

Left column tells radius
In the chart are the capacities noted
This is a chart for a crawler crane
Tell me:
1.How much can I lift with 60m
boom and radius of 20m??
Chart for a telescopic boom crane

Top row: boom lengths
Left column: radius
Chart: capacities in tons
Below: percentages of telescoped sections and

permissible wind speed
Same boom lengths and different

capacities: why?
CRANES ADVANCED – CAPACITY DEDUCTION
To determine the right lifting capacity this must be reduced by
possible used accessories:
• Non used (folding) jib.
• Lifting wire.
• Hook block.
• Extra sheaves.
• Runner.
o Runner wire.
o Runner hook block.
Follow the instructions on

using the crane charts.
CRANES ADVANCED – INTERMEDIATE BOOMLENGTHS
• Lifting with intermediate boom lengths.
• Use separate charts or additional info on charts it self.
CRANES ADVANCED - EXERCISE
Oh you need to know how heavy…. Ok 95 ton
Ok. 2.8m wide, 6m long and 3.5m high. Trailer is 3m wide and 1.2m high
Furthermore lift it from the ground up…. Then trailer drives under and unload on trailer
CRANES ADVANCED - MAXIMUM WIND SPEED
• Does wind affect lifting ?

YES: Wind force is implemented in the capacity charts
Capacity charts indicate wind speed
This wind speed causes a (side-) force on the crane &

influences the structural strength and/or stability.
• A bigger area catches more

wind ????
If a body is subjected to an air flow, either striking it or flowing through/past it, the air speed will be reduced by this. This will
result in turbulence. Different shapes result in different Shape coefficients (= Cw)
Chart extracted from Liebherr Brochure

“Influence of wind on crane operation”
Client can provide you with the shape coefficient of his load
• Wind causes (side)force = Wind force (Fw)

• Fw = Pw x Cw (αw) x A
• Pw = Wind pressure  Pw = ½ x ρ x Vw2

• Cw = Shape coefficient
• A = Projected Area
Wind force depends on wind-speed, wind-area of object and shape of object

The wind-area of the object you plan to lift “may” not exceed 1.2 m 2/t
If the chart says you can lift 50ton at R=26m  wind-area “may” not exceed 50x1.2 = 60m2
What happens if the wind-area exceeds 60m2?

What happens if the Cw value differs from 1.2?
What happens if the wind-area exceeds 60m 2?
What happens if the Cw value differs from 1.2?
Cap 50t / Load weighs 50 ton / Cw = 1.2 / Area = 80m2 and Vmax_TAB = 14.3 m/s  Wind speed ?
Cap 50t / Load weighs 20 ton / Cw = 1.2 / Area = 80m2 and Vmax_TAB = 14.3 m/s  Wind speed ?
Cap 50t / Load weighs 50 ton / Cw = 1 / Area = 50m2 and Vmax_TAB = 14.3 m/s  Wind speed ?
CRANES ADVANCED - BASIC CRANE MOVEMENTS
M M M
Topping work
CRANES ADVANCED
What do the following environments have

in common?
CRANES ADVANCED - REFINERY
CRANES ADVANCED - LARGE SHIPYARD
CRANES ADVANCED - PLANT UNDER CONSTRUCTION
CRANES ADVANCED - BUSY
11 22
Little
Little room
room available…
available… …Yet
…Yet many
many stakeholders
stakeholders
CRANES ADVANCED - SPACE/TIME
Additional
Additional cranes
cranes are
are
It’s
It’s therefore
therefore aa time
time required
required that
that need
need their
their
consuming
consuming process and
process and can
can own space as well
own space as well
Top view of crane assembly
be
be an
an HLT
HLT project
project byby itself
itself
for
for certain
certain cranes
cranes
Additional
Additional tool
tool
containers
containers will
will be
be
required as well
required as well
AA relatively
relatively large
large crane
crane
will
will require
require 1-2-3
1-2-3 soccer
soccer
fields
fields for
for assembly
assembly
CRANES ADVANCED - SPACE
Temporary
Temporary bridge
bridge
over live pipelines
over live pipelines
CRANES ADVANCED - ASSEMBLY
• ASSEMBLY LARGE CRAWLER CRANE LR13000
• D:\Mammoet Training\CraneTimeLapse LR13000.wmv

• S:\Engineering\003 TRAINING\Mammoet Training\CraneTimeLapse LR13000.wmv
CRANES ADVANCED - ASSEMBLY
To assemble a crane there is a certain area required:
• With (big, >150 ton) telescopic cranes:
o Extra space for the ballast trailer.
o Extra space for the assisting crane for the Y-guy or jib installation.
• With crawler cranes:
o Transport route.
o Assisting cranes.
• The assembly do not have to take place there where the lifting is.
• Cranes with super lift need an extra crane is required to handle the super lift ballast.
CRANES ADVANCED - EXTRA EQUIPMENT
• Rigging gear
o Steel slings
o Grummets = round slings
o Soft slings
o Chains
o Shackles
NOT Lift beams

CRANES ADVANCED - BASIC RIGGING RULES
• Mammoet lift beams & spreaders are designed with top-sling angle of 60 degrees
o Bigger angle  check capacity
• When using a lifting- or spreader beam, ensure that the beam is horizontally leveled.
• Using a beam while it is suspended under an angle will result in increased compression forces in the beam,
which combines with the occurring lifting forces may result in failure of the beam
• In lifting lugs, use a shackle with a matching pin size, when the pin size is much smaller then hole diameter of
the lug the stresses on the lug edge may exceed material limits
CRANES ADVANCED - BASIC RIGGING
Slings can be used “double” to double capacity
Total capacity depends on ratio wire-diameter / object-diameter:
When ØPin/ØWire < 25:

Bending efficiency factor = 1 – 0.5 / √ (pin diameter/wire diameter)
Table shows factor for single wire !!

ØPin/ØWire Efficiency factor
<0.80 Not advised
0.80 0.44
0.90 0.47
1.00 0.50
1.50 0.59
2.00 0.65
3.00 0.71
4.00 0.75
5.00 0.78
CRANES ADVANCED - BASIC RIGGING
Slings may be used around object with “sharp” corners
Effect is
‒ Slings less effective
‒ Caution: damage/kink
CRANES ADVANCED – CENTRE OF GRAVITY
Effect of centre of gravity during lifting
When any load is freely suspended below a point it will hang so that the CoG is below the pivot point, for a crane lift this can
occur in two locations.
The effect when picking up a load from the ground or other supports will be such that if the slings or lifting tackle is not centred
over the CoG the load will tilt until the CoG lies under the hook.
When Cog is
offset !!!!!
CRANES ADVANCED – STABILITY RIGGING
Strength & Stability
Alarm bells when using sheaves and/or sling “over“ shackles
When Cog is
offset !!!!!
CRANES ADVANCED - STABILITY RIGGING
Alarm bells when using sheaves and/or sling “over “ shackles
When Cog is
offset !!!!!
R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Safety\Sheave Block Rigging\Sheave Block Rigging 005.mp4

D:\Animations\Safety\Sheave Block Rigging\Sheave Block Rigging 005.mp4
Alarm bells when CoG above liftpoints



CRANES ADVANCED - SAFETY FACTORS
• Safety factor on Slings, Grommets and Shackle is ~5 (=MBL/SWL)

• Shackle safety factor 5 up to capacity 130 Te. Above safety factor gradually reduces to 3.33 for capacity 1000 Te
• Soft slings ~7
• Safety lift-points = 2 (=yield stress / allowable combined stress)
• Safety lift-points which are used “frequently” = 3

CRANES ADVANCED - NEAR SLOPES OR EXCAVATIONS
CRANES ADVANCED – ON QUAY
• strong points at quay wall !!
CRANES ADVANCED - TAILING
• How do we get this column vertical????

Lifting Trunnions
Tail lug
With cranes Main crane
Tail crane
Main crane
Tail crane
D:\Mammoet Training\Lift-Tail with Cranes 2V-1201 TimeLapse.mp4

S:\Engineering\003 TRAINING\Mammoet Training\Lift-Tail with Cranes 2V-1201 TimeLapse.mp4
CRANES ADVANCED - TAILING - EXERCISE
Load transfer during topping and tailing - centralized top lifting lugs
This item weighs 200 Te
Calculate
-Lift/Tail load when horizontal
-under 30/45/60/75 degrees
-Item upright
Find the tailing calc sheet and check your answers

WITH TAILFRAME
Top Beam(s)
Pivot(s)
Base Frame
S:\Engineering\01 Standard Documents\Training & Assessments\Mammoet Training\Tailing Operation with Frame - Egypt.avi
D:\Mammoet Training\Tailing Operation with Frame - Egypt.avi
Tailing frame can be used on platform trailers or skid system
Tailing frames with capacities of 3000, 2000, 1000, 600, 500 and 150 Te.
S:\Engineering\003 TRAINING\Mammoet Training\Tailing Operation with Frame - Egypt.avi

D:\Mammoet Training\Tailing Operation with Frame - Egypt.avi
Tailframe SWL 150 Te
The 500t tailing frame has moveable secondary pivot points that can
be adjusted to give the optimum loading in the tail frame and the
trailer.
Tailframe
Find the tailing calc sheets for all these tailing frames
Tailing gantry
CRANES ADVANCED - TANDEM LIFT / TWIN LIFT
• Tandem lift = lifting with 2 cranes
• Each crane may lift up to 75% of chart.
CRANES ADVANCED - TANDEM LIFT
• When loads are determined for each crane & lifting by certified supervisor may lift up to 100% of chart
• The art is to equally divide the forces over each crane.
• With unequal lifting the capacity for the other crane can rapidly increase.
• Study the handbook/guidelines on this topic.
CRANES ADVANCED - Exercise
Concrete bridge beam 24m long weighs 45 ton Concrete bridge beam 80” long, weighs 99.2 kips
Beam is 3m wide and 2m high Beam = 10’ wide and 6.5’ high
Bridge over water. Top bridge heads is 5m. Bridge over water. Top bridge heads 16.4’ high
Find a crane…..
CRANES ADVANCED - Exercise
CRANES ADVANCED - Ground bearing pressure
• Often referred to as GBP
• GBP is the loading from our equipment onto the surface

• This “surface” can be roads, soil, bridges, foundation(s) and
others
CRANES ADVANCED - GBP
• Charts are based on 75% tipping
• For telescopic cranes:

• Therefore lifting over smallest tipping line: 75% of total load on 2 outriggers
• Each outrigger -> 50% of 75% of total mass
• When lifting “over” 1 outrigger -> take 2/3 of 75% of total mass as load on this outrigger
• Load spreader details (area m2) can be found on spec_sheets
• Note: only for reference, but figures are pretty accurate

S:\Engineering\003 TRAINING\Mammoet Training\Waikato CraneTopple.wmv
D:\Mammoet Training\Waikato CraneTopple.wmv
Here as well, it can sometimes

go wrong
CRANES ADVANCED - Load spreading is often required
CRANES ADVANCED - Ground bearing pressure
Telescopic cranes:
Crane mats are designed for 20t/m2
Crawler cranes:
Usually supported on wooden mats
Mammoet tells client the acting GBP

Client needs to verify capacity of
supporting area
• Crane lifts 100 ton on a radius of 10m
• What are acting loadings on the ground????
Which crane??????
Load moment : 100ton at 10m = 1000tm
Look in the library of

MGAutoCrane
Take some spare (!!) -> LTM1300

or AC350
• What are acting loadings????
• Total Weight????????
Total Weight
LTM1300: Amount of axles 7x12ton = 84 ton
Counterweight 90 ton
+ load 100 ton -> 274 ton

• What are acting loadings????
Over 2 outriggers : 0.5x 75% x 274 = 103 ton each outrigger
Over 1 outrigger : 2/3 x 75% x 274 = 137 ton
Note that these figures are indicative , but pretty close
CRANES ADVANCED - EXERCISE
CRANES ADVANCED - LICCON
• LICCON is a program from Liebherr, manufacturer of mobile cranes

• Is used for telescopic cranes and crawler cranes with SWL above 300 Te
• Crawler cranes with SWL up to 300 Te  use “Liebherr Crane Planner”
• For LICCON we have a manual

• Find this manual and study
CRANES ADVANCED - LIEBHERR CRANE PLANNER
• Liebherr Crane Planner is a program from Liebherr, manufacturer of mobile

cranes
• Is used for telescopic cranes and crawler cranes with SWL up to 300 Te
• This program can be installed online

• Refer to S:\Engineering\001 CURRENT\03 Lifting\07 Software\Liebherr
Crane Planner for details
CRANES ADVANCED - CRANIMAX
• Cranimax is a program from Demag/Terex, manufacturer of mobile cranes
• Find a user of Cranimax and ask help to install and use this program
CRANES ADVANCED – STANDARDS / GUIDELINES
Note that we have standards / guidelines / manuals
Standards  S:\Engineering\004 STANDARDS

Manuals  S:\Engineering\001 CURRENT\07 Administrative\03 Manuals
CRANES ADVANCED – BEST PRACTISES
Find the best practices on SharePoint

https://heavylifting.sharepoint.com/sites/Engineering/SitePages/Engineering-
Memos-and-Best-Practices.aspx and study these
CRANES ADVANCED – WORK INSTRUCTION
CRANES ADVANCED – MTC
Find the webinar & presentation on the MTC and study

https://web.microsoftstream.com/channel/92d47756-d6db-4e40-8eff-7c1c9f3a8d71
https://heavylifting.sharepoint.com/sites/media/Brochures/Forms/AllItems.aspx?RootFolder=%2Fsites%2Fmedia
%2FBrochures%2FEquipment%2FInternal%20Sales
%20Training&FolderCTID=0x012000C680A0B8EEF83B40B4E32AC30EBEA005
https://heavylifting.sharepoint.com/sites/media/SitePages/Equipment.aspx
CRANES ADVANCED – FOCUS
Find the webinar & presentation on the FOCUS and study
CRANES ADVANCED – RINGCRANES
Find the webinar & presentation on the RINGCRANES and study
Find the presentations at S:\Engineering\003 TRAINING\Mammoet Training\20 Advanced Courses and study
CRANES ADVANCED – SK TACKLE SYSTEM
Find the presentation on this topic at S:\Engineering\003 TRAINING\Mammoet

Training\20 Advanced Courses and study
CRANES ADVANCED – SPECIAL CRANES ONSHORE WIND
Find the webinar & presentation on this topic and study
CRANES ADVANCED – ALTERNATIVE LIFTING
• CONBIT
Find the webinar & presentation on from Conbit and study
CRANES ADVANCED – CRANE ON BARGE
Find the best practice on this topic and study
https://heavylifting.sharepoint.com/sites/Engineering/SitePages/Engineering-Memos-and-Best-Practices.aspx
CRANES ADVANCED – CRANE WORK
Which picture shows a non-mobile crane???

CRANES ADVANCED

01-1 Cranes Basics Engineering JAN2020

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BASICS CRANES

General safety instructions

•The emergency meeting point is located on the parking lot

•In case of an emergency follow instructions from BHV

•Emergency number is 700

GOAL = ZERO INCIDENTS

Cranes still have:

SYSTEM TO KEEP BOOM IN POSITION

What is the effect of wind

Truck Crane City Crane

Requiring limited operators

R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Mobile Crane - Components 010.mp4

D:\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Mobile Crane - Components 006.mp4

How much do these cranes weigh maximum (Europe)???

Container with rigging gear

o Outrigger base RADIUS 14000

Crane can lift 13.5 ton RADIUS 14000

Find the chart for GMK4080-1

-Europe: max: 12t/axle

MGAutoCRANE – GMK4080-1 (standard 9.3t ballast) (lift 4t)

• A crawler crane is a lifter mounted on an

++ Ability to travel with load

D:\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Crawler Crane - Components 006.mp4

D:\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Components\Crawler Crane - Components 006.mp4

• A-frame Erected Boom

Boom in assembled position

• Charts – Lifting capacities are based on

Weight of hoist wires is deducted

D:\Animations\Equipment\Crane - Boom Clearance\Crane - Boom Clearance 007.mp4

Total hook height

Tip: use crane with 2x weight as SWL Max

How high are loadings on the soil?

• Find a telescopic crane to lift

• ALL EQUIPMENT BETWEEN HOOK AND LOAD

a shackle shall have the pins secured when

Therefore advised not to use screw pins

LIFTING BEAM REQUIRED TO KEEP

D:\Animations\Equipment\Spreaderbeams and Liftingbeams\Spreaderbeams and Liftingbeams 005.1mp4

• The safety factor on Slings, Grommets and Shackle is ~5

-Make lift plan in AutoCAD

-Make lift plan in AutoCAD

• Find and study best practice pin/hole tolerances

- Tube welded to the shell

Client: Fabricom Fabricom

Find a crane to do it….. Remember we want to do this really

A reactor (vertical) needs to be erected,

Client Hurks Hurks

Which crane can do this…….. We want to make a good price.

Example of different configurations of a Liebherr LR 11350 ‘Maximum

o All sections separately mobilized

super lift tray

• D:\Animations\Equipment\Superlift Tray - LR1750\LR1750 - Superlift 008.mp4

super lift car

R:\_Equipment_Current\Animations\Equipment\Superlift Carrier - CC8800-1\CC8800-1 Superlift Carrier 001.mp4

For Liebherr cranes we use LICCON

Chart value < 75%/85% of F

• Stability and strength checks result in lifting chart

Top row are boom lengths

This is a chart for a crawler crane

Chart for a telescopic boom crane

Left column: radius

Chart: capacities in tons

Below: percentages of telescoped sections and

Same boom lengths and different