The Concepts

of Culture,
Society and
Politics
Lesson 2
What is Culture?
is a composite or multifarious areas that comprise beliefs,
practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols,
knowledge, and everything that a person learns and shares as a
member of society (Baleña, Lucero & Peralta, 2016 p. 17
 Forms of Culture

Material (Tangible) Non-material (Intangible)

– formed by the physical
objects that people create
ex. cars, clothing, books,
buildings, computers, tools,
economic
goods, property, artifacts, non-
symbolic
– abstract human creations (can’t touch
it)
ex. language, family patterns, work
practices, ideas, rules,
values, ideals, symbols, patterns of
thinking, political and
economic system
Society
refers to a group of people sharing a
common culture within a defined territorial
boundaries. Society should have rules of
conduct, customs, traditions, folkways and
mores, and expectations that ensure
appropriate behaviour among members.
Thus, every society is unique in terms of
culture (Baleña, Lucero & Peralta, 2016 p.
17).
Anthropology
- study man in his entirely
- is the branch of knowledge which deals with
the scientific study of mankind, his works, his
body, his behaviour and values, in time and
space (Palipis, 2007 p. 6). Also, it includes
man’s physical, social, and cultural development
that describes and explains the phenomenon of
human life. In short, anthropology studies man
and analyses his behaviour as a member of
society (Zulueta & Maglaya, 2005 p. 40).
Sociology
- focus study is society
- is the scientific study of patterned, shared
human behaviour. It analyses
human interaction which is essential in
understanding man’s cultural make-up. It may
focus its attention on all kinds of social
interactions: social arts, social relationships,
social organization, social structures, and social
processes (Palispis, 2009 p. 3)
Politics
- any activity involving human beings associated
together in relationship
of power and authority where conflicts occurs
(Robert Dahl, 1984 p. 13).
- means compromises, but these compromises “
must in some sense be
creative of future benefits --- that each exists for
a future purpose.” Or at least, some purpose, like
“ enabling orderly government to be carried on
at all” (Crick 1982, 21-
22).
Culture
- is a complex whole which include
knowledge, belief, art, law, morals,
customs and other capabilities and
habits acquired by man as a member
of society.
 Types of Society
Primitive Rural
it means belonging to a a society in which there is a
society in which people low ratio of inhabitants to
live in a very simple open land and in which the
way, usually without most important economic
Industries activities are the production of
foodstuff, fibres, and raw
Ex: Igorot and Lumad Materials
Ex: Barangay, Provinces
And described as farming, fishing,
logging communities or with high
amount of tourism
Urban
a society that is typical of modern
industrial civilization and
heterogeneous in cultural
tradition, that emphasizes secular
values, and that is individualized
rather than integrated contrasted
with folk society
Ex: Metropolitan areas like
Manila, Greater New York or
Greater London, Cabuyao
Laguna, Sto. Tomas in Pampanga
Elements of Culture

• Knowledge – refers to any information received and perceived

to be true
• Beliefs – the perception of accepted realityreality - refers to the
existence of things whether material or non-material
• Social Norms – these are established expectations of society as
to how a person is supposed to act depending on the
requirements of the time, place, or situation
PERFORMANCE NO. 1

Directions: Draw an image of at least one (1) of the 3 types of society

according to your observation or what you’ve seen of the kind of
culture they have. Describe it in 3 three sentences. (A4)
Rubrics:
Creativity 20
Thoughts and ideas 20
Presentation 10
Total 50 pts