GROUP

1
 OUR TEAM

Adeline Palmerston Alfredo Torres Bailey Dupont

1. COMPASS/GYRRO
ERROR BY AZIMUTH AND
AMPLITUDE METHOD...
CLARIFICATION
The compass/gyro error by azimuth and amplitude method is a
technique used to determine the errors in a compass or gyro by
comparing observed azimuths with calculated or expected
azimuths.

Here's how it typically works:

 PROCESS
01
Measurement; Start by measuring the
observed azimuth of a celestial body
(such as the Sun, Moon, or stars) using
the compass or gyro.
02
Calculate Expected Azimuth; Use known
celestial navigation formulas to calculate
the expected azimuth of the celestial
body based on your location, time, and
other factors.
 PROCESS
03
Compare Azimuths; Compare the
observed azimuth with the calculated
one. Any difference between the two
indicates the error in the compass or gyro
04
reading. Analyze Errors; Analyze the errors
observed across multiple measurements
and different celestial bodies to identify
patterns and sources of error, such as
instrument inaccuracies or external
influences like magnetic deviation..
 PROCESS
05
Apply Corrections; Once the errors are
understood, corrections can be applied to
future readings to improve accuracy in
navigation.
This method is especially useful for maritime
and aviation navigation, where accurate
compass or gyro readings are essential for
determining true direction and position. It
allows navigators to calibrate their instruments
and maintain precise navigation even in
challenging conditions.
 EXPLAIN HOW TO CALCULATE GYRO ERROR GIVEN THE
BEARING OF A CELESTIAL BODY FROM THE OBSERVER
AS PER SOLAS CHAPTER 5 REGULATION 19 CARRIAGE
REQUIREMENTS OF SHIPBOARD NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEM
AND EQUIPMENT.

1. Observe Celestial Body; Use a

sextant or other celestial navigation
equipment to measure the observed
bearing (azimuth) of a celestial body,
such as the Sun, Moon, or a star.
2. Record Time; Note the time of the
observation accurately using a
reliable timepiece, preferably
adjusted to UTC.
 EXPLAIN HOW TO CALCULATE GYRO ERROR GIVEN THE
BEARING OF A CELESTIAL BODY FROM THE OBSERVER
AS PER SOLAS CHAPTER 5 REGULATION 19 CARRIAGE
REQUIREMENTS OF SHIPBOARD NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEM
AND EQUIPMENT.

3. Calculate True Bearing; Use 4. Compare with Gyro Bearing;

celestial navigation formulas or
tables to calculate the true bearing of
the celestial body at the observed
time and the ship's position
Compare the true bearing calculated
in step 3 with the bearing indicated
by the ship's gyrocompass at the
same time.
 EXPLAIN HOW TO CALCULATE GYRO ERROR GIVEN THE
BEARING OF A CELESTIAL BODY FROM THE OBSERVER
AS PER SOLAS CHAPTER 5 REGULATION 19 CARRIAGE
REQUIREMENTS OF SHIPBOARD NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEM
AND EQUIPMENT.

6. Apply Corrections; Depending on

whether the gyro indicates a higher
5. Find the Error; The difference
or lower bearing than the true
between the true bearing and the
bearing, apply appropriate
gyro bearing is the gyro error.
corrections to the ship's course.
LAST PART...
Remember, SOLAS Chapter 5 Regulation 19 requires ships to
have appropriate navigational equipment, including
gyrocompasses, to ensure safe navigation.
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