Hello,

Class!
 Classroom Management

• Listen and follow direction.

• Have respect at all time.
• Raise your hand before speaking or
leaving your seat.
• Sit properly.
 What are the
objectives of first aid?

1. To save lives
2. To prolong life
3. To alleviate suffering
4. To prevent further injury
 What are the
characteristics of a good
first aider?
1. Gentle
2. Observant
3. Resourceful
4. Tactful
5. Sympathetic
 Charades: One of the students act
out a word from my list (no speaking
allowed). The rest of the class must
then guess what the student is
attempting to portray.
 Survey of
the Scene and
the Victims
 Difference between signs
and symptoms

Signs are details Symptoms are

discovered by applying sensations that the victim
your senses, for feels or experiences and
examples bleeding, may be able to describe.
swelling and For example feeling
nausea, vomiting, heat
deformities
and impaired sensations.
 There are two ways to conduct
physical examination when giving
first aid:

1. Primary Survey
2. Secondary Survey
 1. Primary Survey of the
victim is used when the victim
is unconscious and to find out
and immediately treat life-
threatening conditions.
 a. Check for consciousness

1. Ask the victim: “Hey, hey, are you okay?” while

carefully shaking the victim’s shoulder.

2. When there is no response, not even mumbles

or groans, the victim is unconscious and in need
of immediate medical help,
 b. Open the Airway

1. The victim’s unconsciousness maybe due to an

obstruction in his/her airway.

2. Find out if there is loss of muscular control in

the throat area which allows the tongue to slip
back and block the throat.

3. Lift the chin and tilt the head of the victim.

 c. Check for Breathing

1. Put your face near the victim’s mouth and lock,

listen and feel for breathing. You should observe
for chest movement, sound of breathing or feel of
breath on your cheek.
 d. Check for Circulation

1. Locate pulse using your middle and index

finger.

2. Poor blood circulation may be reflected on the

pale color of the skin. This is fatal.

3. To revive circulation, perform CPR immediately.

2. Secondary Survey is used
when the victim is conscious or
has revived. It aims to detect
everything about the patient’s
condition.
 a. History Taking- SAMPLE PAIN is the mnemonic
in order to perform the steps more easily.

S-ymptoms (the chief complaint of the patient)

A-llergy (allergeic in everything)
M-edication (medicines s/he is currently taking)
P-revious illness (related to the problem)
L-ast meal (only for those subject of operation)
E-vents (prior to what happen)
P-eriod of pain (How long? What started it?)
A-rea (Where is the pain coming from?)
I-ntensity
N-ullify (What stopped it?)
 b. Checking for Vital Signs
A. Pulse rate
B. Temperature
C. Respiration
D. Skin color
 Normal Pulse Rate
60-70 Men
70-80 Women
80-90 7 years old
80-120 1-7 years old
110-130 Infants
c. Head to Toe Examination

1. Head and neck

2. Eyes
3. Chest
4. Abdomen
5. Back
Pupil Appearance Assessment
Dilated pupil State of shock
Very small pupils Poison or use of
prohibited drugs

Different size Head injury

Small and bright Pupils are reactive
No reaction Death
 Top ten things to do in case of emergency
1. Shout for HELP!
2. Survey the scene and assess the situation
3. Determine if the accident warrants a visit to the nearest
hospital or if simle cleansing and band aid will do.
4. If you are certified in CPR and a victim needs it, begin
CPR right away.
5. Stop the bleeding, if there is any.
6. Treat any symptoms of shock
7. Look for medical alert.
8. Seek trained medical assistance
9. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious
victim.
10. Wait for medical professionals to arrive.
 Direction: I will group you in three and
every student need to shares an experience in
their groupmate where the students able to
help other people in an emergency situation.
Choose only one experience from your
groupmate and share it on the class some of
his/her mistake that need to improve when it
comes in primary and secondary survey.
 • What is primary survey?

• What we should do when we

applying primary survey in
victim?

1. Check for consciousness

2. Open the Airway
3. Check for Breathing
4. Check for Circulation
 • What is secondary survey?

• What we should do when we

applying secondary survey in
victim?

1. History taking
2. Check for Vital Signs
3. Head to Toe Examination
 Direction: Write true if the statement
is correct and write the correct answer in
the underlined word\s to make the
statement correct. Strictly NO
ERASURES.
 1. Primary survey of the victim is used when the
victim is conscious.
2. Secondary survey of the victim is used when the
victim is unconscious.
3. Check for consciousness, open the airway, check
for breathing and circulation are steps in primary
survey.
4. History taking, checking for vital signs and head to
toe examination are steps in secondary survey.
5. Checking for vital signs includes pulse rate,
temperature, respiration and skin color.
Assignment: What are the different types
of carrying and transporting of an injured
person? Write it on your notebook.

(Physical Education and Health,

page 350-355)
Thank Y ou
F or
Today !
See you in t he next class!