MOTIVATION

MUSKAN PRAVIN NETKE

4TH YEAR BASIC BSC NUSRING
INTRODUCTION
• Human behavior is controlled, directed and modified through
certain motives
• Motivation is that force which impels or incites an individuals
action , determines the direction and rate of action.
• When the individual gets motivated, he experience and
disequilibrium and becomes restless.
• His activities are initiated.
• He feels a push to behave in certain direction.
DEFINITION
• Motivation is the willingness to exert high level of efforts
towards organizational goal, conditioned by the effort’s
ability to satisfy some individual needs.
OR
• Motivation means a process of stimulating people to action to
accomplish desired goal. It refers to the way which urges
drive, desire, aspires, stirs or needs direct control or explain
the behavior of the human being.
CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION
• Motivation is derived from Latin word “movere” which
means to move or to energize or to activate.
• In literal sense it is a process which arouses energy or drive
on the individual to proceed in an activity .
• Motivation refers to those behaviours that are activated
through an internal mechanism of an individual to maintain
the homeostasis or internal balance against any disturbance to
equilibrium.
MEANING OF MOTIVATION
• Motivation is the complex of forces that propel an individual
into action and keep them at work.
• It reflets to the will to work.
NATURE OF MOTIVATION
Psychologi Circular
cal concept process

Dynamic Stimulating
and Nature
individual
continuous

Product of Complex
anticipate and
d value difficult
functions
COMPONENTS OF MOTIVATION

PERSISTANCE
N IN
IO T EN
AT
V SI
T I TY
AC
MOTIVATIONAL PROCESS
 Focused activity,
Need to complete research topic, take
Build up of
a report in 2 notes, prepare
tension
weeks outline, write the
report

Satisfaction, tension
Achievement of goal
reduction, feel
turn into completed
freedom to satisfy
report
other needs.
THEORIES OF MOTIVATION
1. DRIVE REDUCTION THEORY
• One of the oldest theory
• developed By Clark Hull in 1943
• the body is motivated to engage in whatever behavior is
necessary to fulfill an unsatisfied drive.
2. OPTIMUM LEVEL OF AROUSAL
THEORY
• Given by Robert Yerker and John Dodson
• they discovered that optimal arousal level depends on the
complexity and difficulty of the task to be performed.
• According to this theory people are motivated to maintain an
optimal level of arousal.
3. COGNITIVE THEORY
• This theory emphasises some sort of understanding or
anticipation of events through perception or thought or
judgement, as in the estimation of probability or in
making a choice on the basis of relative value.
• According to this theory motivated goal seeking
behaviour is regulated by these conations which are
bases on the past modified by circumstances of the
present and include expectations about the future.
• Intrinsic motivation involves performing a task because it's
personally rewarding to you.
• Extrinsic motivation involves completing a task or
exhibiting a behavior because of outside causes such as
avoiding punishment or receiving a reward.
4. EXPECTANCY THEORY
• The expectancy theory was proposed by Victor Vroom in 1964
• the Expectancy theory states that employee’s motivation is
an outcome of how much an individual wants a reward
(Valence).
• Valence is the significance associated by an individual about
the expected outcome. It is an expected and not the actual
satisfaction that an employee expects to receive after
achieving the goals.
• Expectancy is the faith that better efforts will result in better
performance.
• Instrumentality is the faith that if you perform well, then a
valid outcome will be there.
 5. PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY OF
MOTIVATION
• This theory was developed by Sigmund Freud.
• Freud believed that “all behavior stemmed from two
opposing groups of instincts”
• Eros is the drive of life, love, creativity, and sexuality, self-
satisfaction, and species preservation.
• Thanatos from the Greek word for "death" is the drive of
aggression, sadism, destruction, violence, and death.
• theory posits that unconscious psychological forces, such as
hidden desires and motives, shape an individual's behavior,
like their purchasing patterns.
• theory is frequently applied to a number of disciplines,
including sales and marketing, to help understand the
consumer's motivations when it comes to making a
purchasing decision.
6. HERZBERG TWO FACTOR THEORY
• According to Herzberg “there are 10 factors called
maintenance or hygiene factor and 6 factors called
motivational factors”
 DISSATISFACTION

SATISFACTION

Motivational factors Maintenance factors

Company policy
Achievement
Administration
Recognition
Supervisor
Work itself Good IPR with supervisor
Advancement Good IPR with peer
Responsibility Fair salary
Possibility of growth Job security
Personal life
Good working conditions
status
7. McClelland’s NEEDS THEORY
• McClelland identified three types of basic motivating needs
1. Need for power
2. Need for affiliation
3. Need for achievement
8. CARROT AND STICK APPROACH OF
MOTIVATION
CARROTS STICKS
REWARDS PUNISHMENTS
Missing company wide
money
reward
promotion Work in unfavorable shifts

Other incentives Overtime and extra work

9. MASLOW'S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
• Given by Abraham Maslow in 1954.
• Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a motivational theory in
psychology, represented by a five-tier model of human needs,
often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.
• The needs are: physiological, safety, love and belonging,
esteem, and self-actualization.
MOTIVATIONAL QUALITIES OF NURSE
LEADER
1. Knowledge and skill
2. Responsibility
3. Effective communication of idea
4. Confidence
5. Commitment
6. Energy
7. Insight into the needs of others
8. Additional key qualities-
i. ability to listen
ii. Reserve judgement
iii. Give direct and positive feedback
iv. recognize individual value through respects for others
v. Use humor
SEVEN RULES OF MOTIVATION
1) Set a major goal but follow a path
2) Finish what you start
3) Socialize with other of similar interest
4) Learn how to learn
5) Harmonize natural talents with interest that motivates
6) Increase knowledge of subjects that inspires
7) Take risks
A to Y STEPS IN MOTIVATION
A. Achieve your dreams
B. Believe in yourself
C. Consider things from very angle and aspects
D. Do not give up or give in
E. Enjoy
F. Family and friends
G. Give more than what is enough
H. Hang on to your dreams
I. Ignore those who try to destroy you
J. Just be yourself
K. Keep trying no matter
L. Learn to love yourself
M. Make things happen
N. Never lie, cheat or steal
O. Open your eyes
P. Practice makes perfect
Q. Quitters never win
R. Ready yourself
S. Stop procrastinating
T. Take control of your life
U. Understand others
W. Want it more than anything
X. X-factor
Y. You are unique
SUMMARY
CONCLUSION
• Motivation influences many aspects o life and help explain
different causes of behaviour. It aids survival, accounts for
variation in any individual’s behaviour and guides the action.
• Motivation is the drive force which begins sustains and
directs human activities.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Essential of management of nursing services and education
Nisha Clement Jaypee Brothers
• Management of nursing services and education Jaypee
Brothers BT Basvanthappa
• Management of nursing services and education Elsevier
publications I Clement
• Www.Motivationtheory.Com
• Www.Wikipedia.Com