3D PRINTING ON TEXTILE:

AN INVESTIGATION ON
ADHESION PROPERTIES OF
PRODUCED COMPOSITE
MATERIALS.
 • ALAIKA ALVI
21-NTU-TT-1049
• MANAHIL FATIMA
21-NTU-TT-1074
NAMES OF • AMNA SAEED

PRESENTERS
21-NTU-TT-1054
• ARUBA MUNIR
21-NTU-TT-1056
• KAINAT IRFAN
21-NTU-TT-1071
 Introduction
Materials
Printing process
Analytical method
CONTENTS: Orientation according to printing
parameters
Comparison of textile substrate
Conclusion
INTRODUCTION:

3D printing:

 3D printing is a versatile tool to produce 3-dimensional objects of

individual and extraordinary geometry.
 3D objects are produced as single independent pieces, e.g. as unique
prototype.
 3D printing can be used as tool for application of conductive layers
and the fixation of electronic component on textile surface.
MATERIALS:
• Nylon-filament(1.75 mm)
• A polylactide acid(PLA) (17.5mm)
For washing:
• Felosan FOX (16.5 g/l) done at 40° C
For enzymatic desizing:
• Beisol T 2090-G ( 25 g)
Types of filaments:
Types of cotton fabric:
3D PRINTING PROCESS:
3D PRINTING ON ORCABOT:
 the thickness of the fabrics is measured according to
standard DIN EN ISO 5084. The surface roughness of cotton
fabrics is determined using a 3D laser scanning microscope
VK-X100. Microscopic images of sample cross-sections are
performed using a digital light microscope VHX-600.The
hydrophilic properties of the cotton fabrics are determined

ANALYTICAL by using the TEGEWA drop test.

METHODS: The adhesion is tested by using force measurements during

separation with a machine Zwick 1455 (Zwick/Roell GmbH,
Ulm, Germany). Before measurement, all sample are
maintained in standard conditions (21 °C; 65% humidity) for
one day. All measurements are repeated with three
independently and similarly prepared 3D printed
objects. The maximum force determined in this separation
experiment is recorded and set as adhesion between the 3D
printed object and the textile substrate. The error bars shown
in the graph are related to the differences between the
performed three measurements.
GRAPH:
Orientation according to printing parameters:

There are four different parameters for printing:

• The Z-distance between printing head and printing table.
• The printing speed of first applied layer.
• The extrusion temperature.
• The temperature of the printing table.
 PLA-filament, the Z- Nylon-filament this
distance is set to Z-distance is set to
The Z-distance 0.7 mm 0.5 mm.

between printing
head and printing The distance between

table:
the printing head and
the printing table (Z- Z- Distance chosen
distance) has a depends on the
significant influence thickness of fabric.
on the adhesion of the
PLA specimen.
 printing speed of the first layer should be
Effect of printing moderately slow.

speed and extrusion 1st printing layer speed for Nylon is 1.0 m/min

Temp on adhesion. 1st printing layer speed for PLA is 0.8 m/min

The adhesion is increasing with increasing

temperature. But it must not exceed the limit.

extrusion temperatures are chosen 220 °C for PLA-

and 250 °C for Nylon-filament (table. 1)
Z- DISTANCE: FILAMENT TEMPERTURE:
COMPARISON OF
TEXTILE SUBSTRATE:

• The experiments on six different cotton fabrics are

done with the same printing parameters.
• Only the Z-distance is set individually for each type
of cotton fabric depending on its fabric thickness.
PLA (polylactide acid)
• If a comparison between the three types
of fabrics and their adhesion to PLA has
to be made, the ranking is F2>F4>F1 .
• A fabric with higher weight and
thickness shows better adhesion
properties to an applied PLA object
compared to fabrics of lower weight and
thickness.
NYLON
• Nylon objects only in case of two cotton
fabrics F2 and F4, a separation of Nylon
object and cotton is observed
without additional damaging of the
cotton fabric.
• With higher fabric weight and thickness,
the adhesion to the 3D printed Nylon
object is increased.
 CONCLUSION:

• Nylon has higher affinity to hydrophilic cotton fabric so its show good
adhesion than PLA print as well as the adhesion also depend on the weight
per area of fabric and thickness.
SWOT ANALYSIS:
Strengths: The study exhibits a detailed experimental setup, offering transparency and potential for
replication. Comprehensive exploration of various printing parameters and a comparative analysis of PLA
and Nylon filaments contribute to a nuanced understanding. Microscopic images enhance clarity, and the
consideration of fabric properties adds depth to the findings.

Weaknesses: Generalization beyond the studied conditions may be limited, as the research focuses
on specific combinations of parameters, filaments, and fabrics. The extrapolation of washing
impact is acknowledged to be material-specific, potentially restricting broader applicability.

Opportunities: Future research can leverage the groundwork laid by this study to explore additional
filament types and optimize printing parameters for specific applications. This could enhance the
performance of 3D printed objects on textile substrates and broaden the scope of material compatibility.

Threats: Compatibility issues with unexplored filaments or fabrics pose a threat to

generalizability. External factors, such as environmental conditions, could influence adhesion and