MIDTERM

The Site of the First Mass in the

Philippines

Butuan or
Limasawa?
A reexamination of the
Evidence
 MIDTERM

Table of Contents

01 The Butuan 03 The Evidence for

Tradition Limasawa

02 The Shift in Opinion 04 The Geography of Mazaua

05 Why then the Butuan

Tradition?
MIDTERM

Introduction
• The site of the first mass was held on Easter
Sunday, the 31st of March 1521 on an island
called “Mazaua”.
• Two native chieftains attended the mass: Rajah of
Mazaua and the Rajah of Butuan.
• After the mass, they went up on a little hill and
planted a wooden cross upon its summit.
Two conflicting claims to its identity:

Limasawa Masao
A little island, south of Leyte Located at the mouth of Agusan River in
Northern Mindanao near the village of
Butuan
 MIDTERM

01
The Butuan
Tradition
The Butuan
Tradition
● Butuan claim rests upon a tradition for three
centuries; 17th, 18th and 19th century.
● The First Mass was April 8, 1521.
● A monument was created in 1872 as to
strengthen the tradition near the mouth of the
AGUSAN RIVER.
 “To the Immortal
Inscription in the Magellan: the People of
Butuan with their Parish
monument which is Priest and the Spaniards
resident therein, to
translated as commemorate his arrival
and the celebration of the
follows: First Mass on this site on
the 8th of April 1521.
Erected in 1872, under
the District Governor
Jose Ma. Carvallo.”
 The Butuan Tradition

17th Century 18th Century 19th Century

17th Century
 Relationship nation-territory

Nation

Culture History Traditions

Terrority
 How does geography affect
nation?
Income Agricultural
Venus is the second planet Jupiter is the biggest planet
from the Sun of them all

Transport Productivity
Despite being red, Mars is a Saturn is a gas giant and
cold place has several rings
 What is world geography?
In World Geography Studies, you can examine:

People Regional
Neptune is the farthest planet Venus is the second planet
from the Sun from the Sun

Places National
Jupiter is a gas giant and the Saturn is composed of
biggest planet hydrogen and helium

Environments International
Mercury is closest planet to Mars is actually a cold place.
the sun of them all It’s full of iron
What do you need to know about world
geography
Earth’s surface Human societies

Places can have an How human interacts

impact
Mercury is the closest planet to the Venus has a beautiful name and very
Sun and the smallest one high temperatures
 Continents of the world
North America Europe
Neptune is very far from Venus is the second planet
the Sun from the Sun

South America Asia

Jupiter is a gas giant and Saturn is composed of
the biggest planet hydrogen and helium

Africa Australia
Mercury is the closest Despite being red, Mars is
planet to the Sun very cold
 United States in the
colonial era
Oregon country United states
Mercury is very small Mars is a red planet

Mexican cession Thirteen states

Venus is a hot planet Jupiter is big

Texas Louisiana
We all live on Earth Saturn is a gas giant
 02
About the
history
You can enter a subtitle here if you
need it
“This is a quote. Words full of wisdom
that someone important said and can
make the reader get inspired.”

—Someone Famous
 History of colonialism
1394 1492 1775 1860

01 02 03 04
Portugal Spain America Japan
Begins the age of Age of Spain’s Colonialism of New european
exploration expansion Britain’s empire colonialism
Colonial rationale and
resistance
Legal
obligation
Venus is the second planet from the
Sun

Religious obligation

Despite being red, Mars is a cold

place
 Types of colonialism
Types Characteristics

Often motivated by religious, political, and

Settler colonialism
economic reasons
Focuses on the exploitation of natural
Exploitation colonialism
resources
Involves a settlement project supported by a
Surrogate colonialism
colonial power
A notion of uneven structural power between
Internal colonialism
areas of a state
Awesome words
 Colonists challenges

Drought Starvation
Venus is the second Mars is actually a very
planet from the Sun cold place

Threat Attacks Disease

Jupiter is the biggest Saturn is composed of Neptune is very far from
planet hydrogen the Sun
 History graph

Colonialism
Jupiter is the biggest planet
of them all

Geography
Saturn is composed of
hydrogen and helium

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 Some of the 13 colonies

Connecticut New York New Jersey

Mercury is the smallest Venus is the second Mars is actually a very
planet planet from the Sun cold place

Virginia Delaware Maryland

Jupiter is the biggest Saturn is composed of Neptune is very far from
planet hydrogen the Sun
 …and the other colonies
Georgia
Mercury is very small
Massachusetts New hampshire
Venus is a hot planet Mars is a red planet
Rhode Island
We all live on Earth
Pennsylvania South Carolina
Jupiter is a big planet Neptune is an ice giant
North Carolina
Saturn has rings
The major characteristics of the 13
colonies
Economic
freedom
Religious
Social mobility
freedom

Political Better way of

freedom life
 Map of the colonies

New York New Hampshire

Pennsylvania Massachusetts

Virginia Delaware

North Carolina Maryland

Georgia South Carolina

First colonies in order of establishment

Date Name of the colony Famous people

1607 Virginia John Smith, John Rolfe

1620 Plymouth Colony John Carver, William Bradford

1626 New York Peter Minuit, Peter Stuyvesant

1630 Massachusetts Bay John Winthrop

1633 Maryland George Calvert, Lord Baltimore

1636 Rhode Island Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson

 Facts and informations

New england The middle The southern

colonies colonies colonies
● Mercury is small ● Mars is very cold ● Neptune is cold
● Venus is a hot planet ● Jupiter is a gas giant ● Pluto is a dwarf
● Earth has life ● Saturn has rings ● Ceres is an asteroid
 Sons of liberty timeline

Aug 13, Aug 14, Aug 18, Dec 16,

1765 1765 1765 1773

Founded Chaos Feathering Revolution

Mars is actually a very Saturn is composed of Neptune is very far Earth is the planet with
cold place hydrogen from the Sun life
A picture always
reinforces
the concept
Images reveal large amounts of data, so remember:
use an image instead of a long text. Your audience
will appreciate it
 A picture always
reinforces
the concept
Images reveal large amounts of data, so remember:
use an image instead of a long text. Your audience
will appreciate it
A picture is worth a
thousand words
The 4 causes of the french and
indian war
Conflict Territory
Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings. Earth is the third planet from the Sun and
It's composed mostly of hydrogen and the only one that harbors life in the Solar
helium System

Power Religion
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun
and the smallest one in the Solar System and the fourth-largest object in the Solar
System
150,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 9h 55m 23s
is Jupiter's rotation period

333,000
Earths is the Sun’s mass

386,000 km
is the distance between Earth and the Moon
 Percentages

65% 80% 10%

Mercury Venus Mars

Mercury is the smallest Venus is the second Mars is actually a very
planet planet from the Sun cold place
 You can use this graph
20% 30%
Venus Mars
Venus is the second planet Mars is actually a cold
from the Sun place. It’s full of iron

35% 15%
Mercury Saturn
Mercury is the closest Saturn is composed of
planet to the Sun hydrogen and helium

Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here.
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 Social studies
subject report

Mars 80/100 You can write relevant information here

Jupiter 85/100 You can write relevant information here

Saturn 90/100 You can write relevant information here

Venus 95/100 You can write relevant information here

Mercury is closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the
Solar System
 More percentages
Mercury
It’s the closest planet to 75%
the Sun

Jupiter
Jupiter is the biggest 65%
planet of them all

Venus
Venus is the second planet 80%
from the Sun
 03
Research method
You can enter a subtitle here if you
need it
 Research in social studies

Meaning Significance
Venus is the second planet Jupiter is the biggest planet
from the Sun of them all

Process Example
Despite being red, Mars is a Saturn is a gas giant and
cold place has several rings
 Keys to historical thinking
Analyze
Saturn is the only planet
with rings
Result Contextualize
Venus is the second planet Mars is actually a very
from the Sun cold place

Explain Corroborate
Jupiter is the biggest Neptune is very far from
planet of them all the Sun
 Analyzing historical sources
The skill Action Question to ask Answer

● Mercury You can write the question You can write the
Check it over here answer here
● Venus

● Mars You can write the question You can write the
Check the story here answer here
● Jupiter

Understand the ● Saturn You can write the question You can write the
message ● Earth here answer here

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Colonialism documentary

France, 1945
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 Two main ideas

Geography Colonialism
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Book recommendations

The French and Indian War

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest
one in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger than the
Moon

Sons of Liberty
Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet
from the Sun. It’s hot and has a poisonous atmosphere
 04
Review
You can enter a subtitle here if you
need it
 Important things
The French and Indian War was a major war fought in the
American Colonies between 1754 and 1763. The British
gained significant territory in North America as a result of
the war

● You can list your reference websites or publications

here
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 Quiz 1: Colonialism
The Virginia colony was founded based on?

A province An assembly
A Venus is the second planet C Saturn is the only planet
from the Sun with rings

A charter An agreement
B D
Mercury is the smallest Mars is actually a very cold
planet of them all place
 Quiz II: Sons of liberty
American statesman,
political philosopher, and one
of the Founding Fathers of
the United States
Write your answer here
Irish-American tailor and spy
American silversmith, early
during the American
industrialist, Sons of Liberty
Revolutionary War. He was a
member & Patriot in the old
member of the Sons of
American Revolution
Liberty
Write your answer here Write your answer here
 Quiz III: True or false
* Read the sentences and decide if they are true (T) of false (F)

1. James Oglethorpe founded North Carolina F

2. Slaves were only in the southern colonies

3. Pennsylvania means "Penn's World"

4. The Dutch and the British had a war

5. Pennsylvania was actually a land grant gift for William Penn

6. Massachusetts had/was the first New England Colony

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