HORMONES

OF
REPRODUCTION Dr.Divya,T.R MVSc
Deputy Manager
NDDB Erode
 THE TWO IMPORTANT STRUCTURES
REGULATING THE OESTRUS CYCLE

Ovary with well developed

follicle
 THE HORMONES IN REPRODUCTION

The reproductive hormones The reproductive hormones

originate from the : can cause:
Hypothalamus  Release of other hormones
Pituitary (releasing hormones)
gonads  Stimulation of gonads
(gonadotropins)
Uterus
 Sexual promotion (steroids)
Placenta
 Pregnancy maintanence
 Luteolysis (destruction of CL)
4
THE HYPOTHALAMIC AND PITUITARY
HORMONES
Hypothalamus
GnRH

Adeno hypophysis
FSH/LH

Target Organ

Gonads
Ovary/ testes
STAGES OF ESTRUS CYCLE
Follicular phase Luteal phase
BOVINE ESTRUS CYCLE

2 days
1day

3 days

15 days
THE ESTRUS CYCLE
 Day 0
follicl
ovarye

C Egg Ovulation- relese

Decresed progesterone
ovary
L of egg from
increased GnRH
Day 20 ovum
Follicular phase

If the animal is non

pregnance the cl will be
lysed
Luteal phase
Ovary-day Ovary with
18 mature CL

Day 12 peak
Day 4-5 CL secretes higher
progesterone production amounts of Progestrone and
hence the GnRH levels are low

Ovary Day
12
Day 9-10. Progestone maintains
pregnancy prevents GnRH and
there by ovulation
 Hormonal Feedback Female
Hypothalamus

to GnRH
k
b ac ase
e d ele
F e r
e H
it v FS Anterior
g a te LH
e
N gu la Pituitary
re
FSH
Inhibin

Estradiol

Stimulates
Follicle Growth

Follicle Growth
Ovary 14
HYPOTHALAMIC –PITUITARY GONADAL AXIS

hypothalamus
GnRH

Anterior pituitary
FSH/LH

Ovary
Follicle Corpus luteum
Estrogen Progestrone
Progesterone
THE HORMONAL FEEDBACK MECHANISM
The feedback mechanism during the
follicular phase
 THE MAJOR EFFECT OF ESTROGEN IN
REPRODUCTIVE TRACT

Increased blood flow

Genital swelling
Increased mucosal secretion
Initiation of uterine gland growth
Elevated myometrial tone
THE MECHANISM OF
PREOVULATORY LH SURGE
BEAHVIOURAL ESTRUS
FACTORS CAUSING ANESTRUM
HOW HEAT STRESS AFFECTS
ESTRUM
CAUSES OF ANOESTRUS /
SUBOESTRUS
THE SITE OF FERTILISATION