PERIOPERATIVE MONITORING

Pulse Oximetry and NIRS

 FiO2 meter (fuel cell,
polarographic, paramagnetic)
Where all to Mass spectrometer
monitor Oxygen? Raman spectrometer
Magnetoacoustic

SvO2 Pulse oximeter- SpO2

ABG- PaO2

NIRS
Transcutaneous PO2
Skin color
Organ surface PO2
BEER – LAMBERT’S LAW
Pulse Oximeter
BEER-LAMBERT’S LAW IN PULSE
OXIMETER

Less Concentration More Concentration

Less Absorption More Absorption

Why 2 different wavelengths?
Absorption by living tissues
Absorption by living tissues
Ratio of Ratios
Pulse
oximeter
calliberation
curve
Plethysmography variability Index
Artifact - Ambient light
 Artifact- Low perfusion states

• Altering sensitivity – Masimo – Norm/Low/APOD

• Incorporating minimum values for signal to noise ratio

• Visual identification of noise

Nellcor Forehead Sensor
Artifact – Motion

TIME AVERAGING MODES SIGNAL EXTRACTION

TECHNOLOGY
Functional vs Fractional SpO2
Co-oximeter
Different sensors of pulse oximetry
NIRS –
Regional
Oximetry
NIRS
NIRS Sensors
Renal oxygenation