Experiments

Scientific method
Experiments
A step-by-step procedure to test hypotheses by making predictions about the outcome of an experiment Standard laboratory rules include:
before the experiment is performed
1. Dress appropriately for protection in the laboratory, not for fashion
or the weather
6 STEPS IN THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD 2. Identify the position of all safety equipment
1. Experimental question: (what problem are you trying to solve?)
2. Aim: (What is it that you are trying to prove?)
3. Never taste or sniff chemicals
3. Hypothesis: (What do you think the answer is?) 4. Dispose of all wastes appropriately (don’t pour chemicals into the
4. Experiment: bin or the drain)
A. VARIABLES: These are those conditions which you choose 5. No eating or drinking in a laboratory
to change or control. 6. Identify and anticipate potential dangers
The variables are: 7. Keep electric equipment away from fluids
• Independent: the variable which is determined(changed) by you
• Dependent: the variable which is measured 8. Report any accident immediately
• Controlled: the variable which is kept constant 9. Conduct yourself responsibly (no horseplay) and follow all
B. APPARATUS: The materials and chemicals needed. instructions carefully
C. METHOD: 10.Keep hands away from your face, mouth, nose or eyes when
• What procedure will be followed and how many tests will be run. handling chemicals
• The procedure must always be written in the 3rd person, in past tense and in point
form.
D. OBTAIN RESULTS.
5. Observations: (What do you notice from the experiment? )
6. Conclusion: (Do your results agree with your hypothesis? )
 Experiments
Bunsen burner, tripod and gauze
Beaker Conical Flask

Measuring Cylinder
Test tubes

Thermometer

Retort stands and clamps

Balance scale
 Give heading to the graph

Give data on x and y axis

Label the Y - axis

Label the X - axis