Northern Technical University

Engineering Technical College / Mosul

Building and Construction Technology Engineering Dept

Earthquake structures
‘ isolation system ’

Student Name :- Maroof Imad

 Introduction

Isolation systems

Base Isolation systems

Above Base Isolation systems

Application

References
Introduction
The seismic risk mitigation is one of the greatest challenges of the Civil
Engineering and an important contribution toward this challenge can be given
by the Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering. Lesson learned by recent
destructive earthquakes (January 2010 Port-au-Prince region of Haiti and
March 2011 Tohoku Japan), confirms that local soil conditions can play a
significant role on earthquake ground motions.
Isolation systems
These mechanisms are intended to separate the structure completely from its
foundation, using rollers, friction pads. Isolators act essentially as force-
limiting devices, since the base shear force in the structure cannot exceed the
limiting friction force in the isolating mechanism ,
isolation mechanism should satisfy the following conditions :-

1. Relative displacements across the mechanism should be allowed in all

directions, but should be limited to certain tolerable values.
2. Post-earthquake residual displacements should be minimized.

3. Wind should not cause relative motion across the mechanism.

4. Preferably. some energy should be absorbed by the mechanism.

5. Impact type forces generated at the end of the operative range of the
mechanism should be minimized.

6. Manufacture, maintenance and installation of the mechanism should

be as inexpensive as possible.
Base Isolation systems
Base isolation offers important advantages over a conventional protection
method because it reduces the earthquake forces transmitted into a
structure. Thus, it protects not only the structure itself but also the contents
and secondary structural features. This is particularly important for
buildings with important contents such as hospitals or emergency facilities
that need to maintain full serviceability after an earthquake.
Base Isolation systems
HDRB
Friction pendulum bearing
High Damping Rubber Bearing
Above Base Isolation systems
TMD ISI
Tuned Mass Damper Inter-Storey Isolation
Base Isolation systems
HDRB
High Damping Rubber Bearing :-
is a simple, cost-effective and maintenance-free device that provides the
isolation interface. They can be designed to withstand the design
earthquakes without significant damage. Three different rubber
compounds are available as standard:
Soft compound (S), with a low modulus (G=0.6 MPa)
Normal compound (N), with a medium modulus (G= 0.9 MPa)
Hard compound (H), with a high modulus = (G=1.1 MPa).
1.is a simple, cost-effective and maintenance-free device that provides the isolation
interface. They can be designed to withstand the design earthquakes without
significant damage.
Base Isolation systems
Friction pendulum bearing :-
Another base isolation technique is friction pendulum bearing .These
bearing shield , the structure from seismic energy by using a pendulum.
Typically, a steel ball that rests on a curved surface serves as a pendulum.
The pendulum swings back and forth during an earthquake, dissipating the
energy of the seismic waves.
1.is a simple, cost-effective and maintenance-free device that provides the isolation
interface. They can be designed to withstand the design earthquakes without
significant damage.
Above Base Isolation systems
TMD
Tuned Mass Damper (TMDs) or vibration absorbers:
–1.isFirst suggested
a simple, cost-effectiveby
andHermann Frahm
maintenance-free in provides
device that 1909. the isolation
–interface.
Relatively
They can small mass-spring-dashpot
be designed systems
to withstand the design earthquakes calibrated to be in resonance
without
significant damage.
with a particular mode of vibration.
– Usually installed on roofs of buildings.
• TMDs effective in reducing wind-induced vibrations in high-rise
buildings and floor vibrations induced by occupant activity.
• More recently, TMDs considered for seismic protection of buildings.
1.is a simple, cost-effective and maintenance-free device that provides the isolation
interface. They can be designed to withstand the design earthquakes without
significant damage.
Above Base Isolation systems
ISI
Inter-Storey Isolation
is becoming increasingly attractive, as it allows greater freedom in
the structural conception of skyscrapers and multi-purpose
buildings by defining two independent structures, i.e. substructure
and superstructure , the ISI technique can be applied to add extra
storeys on the top of existing buildings, with appropriate vertical
capacity, without increasing the base shear forces
1.is a simple, cost-effective and maintenance-free device that provides the isolation
interface. They can be designed to withstand the design earthquakes without
significant damage.
Application
1- Apple Park. Cupertino, California
 Apple Park. Cupertino, California, 445,005
Square meters. Apple’s new corporate
headquarters
1.is a simple, cost-effective and maintenance-free device that provides the isolation
interface. They can be designed to withstand the design earthquakes without
significant damage.
is a four-story, ring-shaped building, with a
circumference of 1,512 sqft. and opened in April
2017
2- Adana Integrated Health Campus, Adana, Turkey
Adana Integrated Health Campus, Adana, Turkey, 430,000 square meters The
campus will have a total
capacity of 1,550 beds housed in three hospitals: the 1,300-bed main hospital, a
150-bed
physical-therapy and rehabilitation hospital and a 100-bed high-security criminal
psychiatric hospital. The campus is supported by 1,512 base The complex was
designed HWP,
and built by Rönesans Sağlik Yatirim. The structural engineer was Ulker
Engineering Ltd. It
was completed in May, 2017.
.
 References 3- SEISMIC ISOLATION BASE ISOLATORS
Design according to BS FN 15129

1- Earthquake-Resistant Structures – Design, 4- Chapter 13

Assessment and Rehabilitation Tuned-Mass Dampers
Edited by Abbas Moustafa CIE 626 - Structural Control
Published by InTech Chapter 1 - Introduction
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia CIE 626 Structural Control
Chapter 13 – Tuned-Mass Dampers
2- STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS FOR EARTHQUAKE
RESISTANT CONCRETE BUILDINGS 5-Seismic Isolated Structures: Concept,
by Review, Design and Worldwide
Mark Fintel and S. K. Ghosh Application
Partial Proceedings of the Workshop on ERCBC, July Course No: S03-027
11-15, 1977 Credit: 3 PDH
University of California at Berkeley Ibrahim M. Metwally, Ph.D., P.E.