Urban Issues and Challenges

Revision (1)
16 after-school revision
Regular Retrieval (1-5) sessions until your first exam!

Paper 1 – Physical Geography

Exam
1) What is urbanisation? Friday 17th May
2) Name of our NEE city
3) Name of our HIC city Well done for turning up 
4) Name the squatter settlement
found in Lagos
5) Name an example of urban
planning in Lagos
Your Paper 2 Geography exam …
Wednesday 5th June

Urban Issue and Challenges

• (Urbanisation, NEE case study, LIC case study)

The Changing Economic World

• (Population change (DTM), Nigeria, UK)

The Challenge of Resource Management

• (Food/ Energy/ Water, Food)
1. Location of 2. Causes of 3. 4. Challenges 5. Urban
Lagos growth of the Opportunities in Lagos planning and
(Nigeria) city in Lagos improvement
 1. Location of Lagos
Describe the location of Lagos,
Nigeria.
Include the continent, location
within the continent, ocean/coast,
country, location within the country.
 2. Growth of Lagos
Describe the
population of
Lagos over time.

Remember to
include:
T rend
E vidence
A nomalies

Lagos is growing so quickly that people do not know how many people live there. In 1960 the
population was still below 1million. You can see that this has grown exponentially since.
In 1970 population growth was rapid after oil was found and people wanted jobs.
 2. Growth of Lagos

The map shows the highest population is located…

Population has spread…

Aim higher: What distance is Lagos spreading over? How would you work this out?
Push and Pull factors- what do they mean?

Push factors are factors Pull factors are factors

pushing people away encouraging people to
from the countryside. move to cities
3. Social Opportunities
4. Economic Opportunities
5. Challenges - Squatter Settlements

Look at the picture what do you

think a squatter settlement is?

Squatter settlements: an area of

__________ housing, lacking in
amenities such as water supply,
_________ and electricity, which
often develops _________ and
illegally in a city in a ____-income
country.

Sewerage, low, spontaneously,

Other names for
Poor-quality
them are informal
settlements, shanty
towns or slums
5. Challenges - Squatter Settlements
Task: Describe where
squatter settlements
are found in Lagos.

What has been given

to you in the key?
How can you use this
to answer the
question?

Aim higher: Explain

why they are located
here?
 5. Challenges – Makoko - Squatter Settlements
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQZFy0K5v0I

Materials are usually makeshift, built from materials Annotate your photo
such as tin sheets and wooden planks. with characteristics of a
squatter settlement
6. Challenge - Traffic

The average
Lagosian commuter
spends over three
hours in traffic
every day. Lagos is
therefore one of the
Task: Consider each of
most congested these groups of people
cities in the world. and the problem traffic
creates for them:
• A Makoko resident
• A danfo driver
• A business owner in
the CBD
• The governor of
Lagos
6. Challenges - Traffic

In 2003 the Lagos state government set up the Lagos

Metropolitan Area Transport Authority (LAMATA) to improve
transport in the city. One of its first achievements was to
introduce a bus rapid transit (BRT) system on a north-south
route from the suburbs to the CBD on Lagos Island. It provides a
separate lane for buses to reduce travel times.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYjYMxBZN9c (3.24 mins)

Watch the clip on Lagos’ BRT and using the notes above and the
clip answer the questions on the sheet into your book.
 7. Lagos Water Corporation Master Plan
Lets find out how Lagos plans to solve its water problems.
Whilst you watch the clip answer the questions on your worksheet. These will be in order.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4nG5rp6-Ik (6 mins)

1. This is an example of a public-private partnership scheme what does that mean?

2. What is the current supply and demand in Lagos?
3. How much shortfall is there?
4. How much will supply exceed demand by in 2020?
5. Give details of the Iju waterworks?
6. Give details of the Ishasi waterworks?
7. Give details of the Adiyan waterworks?
8. What is the capacity of a mini waterworks?
9. What is the capacity of a micro waterworks?
10. When will the master plan operate from and too?
11. What is included in the master plan – give details of at least one scheme?
12. What is the vision for 2020?
Aim higher: How successful do you think the Lagos Water Corporation Master Plan will be?
 8. How can urban planning improve life in Lagos?
So far, a school has been trialled in Makoko.
In 2014 Makoko floating school was built it has classrooms that can
host lessons for 60 children at a time and it is also used as a
community centre when not being used as a school.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aONshUk2dfk
 8. How can urban planning improve life in Lagos?
Look at the pictures of Makoko floating school.
1. What features of the school make it sustainable?
List at least five.
2. For each feature, explain how it makes the school
sustainable.
3. What do you think the floating people would think
about the floating school:
a. A Makoko resident
b. Lagos’ mayor
c. A resident from the Eko-atlantic
d. A resident in another shanty settlement in Lagos
4. Do you think the floating school is a good or bad
idea for Makoko? Justify your decision.

Aim higher: Consider the idea of planned floating

communities in Lagos. Explain how this idea could help
Lagos to overcome its major challenges (see lesson
starter). Write a detailed answer referring to each
challenge.
To what extent does a city in a LIC/NEE that you
have studied, provide more opportunities than
challenges? (6 marks) Grades 7-9
Specific
detail/focus
A NEE city that I have studied is … on to what
extent

To a large/slight/some extent, there are more opportunities. For

example …
This has meant that …

Also, another opportunity is .. This has meant that …

However, it could be argued that there are challenges such as …

This has meant that …

Overall, I think that …